基于柱芳烃-Au/Ag杂化材料构建超分子传感器及苯丙胺类毒品的快速识别

Supramolecular sensor is expected to provide a promising new method for the rapid recognition of drugs due to its advantages of high sensitivity, speed, and convenience. However, there are still some problems such as poor selectivity and low sensitivity. Thus, how to design and synthesize functional supermolecular receptor compound? What kind of molecular recognition strategy should be used? How to construct the drug supramolecular sensor? These problems need to be solved urgently. This project intends to design and synthesize a series of water-soluble pillararenes with different cavity size and different functional groups and a series of induced probe compounds. By studying the competitive molecular recognition interactions among the probe compounds, amphetamine-type drugs, and water-soluble pillararenes, we intends to select a pillararene that can recognition specific amphetamine-type drug with high selectivity. By combining the merits and functional characteristics of water-soluble pillararenes and Au/Ag nanomaterials, the pillararene-Au/Ag hybrid nanomaterials will be used to construct new type supramolecular sensor. It is expected to realize the visual, on-site, and rapid recognition and colorimetric detection of amphetamine-type drugs. It is hopeful to provide a new detection method for amphetamine-type drugs. This study can broaden the application of macrocyclic host pillararene in the field of supramolecular chemosensor and is expected to provide new insights for the development of supramolecular sensing technology.

超分子传感器具有灵敏、快速、简便等优点，有望为毒品的快速识别提供一种新方法。但其仍然存在选择性差、灵敏度低等问题。因此，如何设计合成功能超分子受体化合物，利用怎样的分子识别策略，如何构建毒品超分子传感器等问题亟待解决。本项目拟设计合成一系列具有不同空腔大小和不同功能基团的水溶性柱芳烃及一系列诱导探针化合物。通过研究探针化合物、苯丙胺类毒品与功能柱芳烃之间的竞争性分子识别相互作用，筛选出高选择性识别特定毒品分子的功能柱芳烃。结合水溶性柱芳烃和Au/Ag纳米材料二者的优点和功能特性，制备柱芳烃-Au/Ag杂化纳米材料，构建新型比色超分子传感器，期望能够实现苯丙胺类毒品的可视化现场快速识别及比色检测。该研究可以为苯丙胺类毒品提供新的检测方法，拓宽大环超分子受体作为分子器件在超分子传感器构建中的应用，有望对超分子传感技术的发展提供新的思路和理论依据。

针对苯丙胺类毒品的快速识别与便携检测问题，本项目设计合成了系列具有不同空腔大小和不同功能基团的水溶性柱芳烃和系列诱导探针化合物，利用分子对接理论计算模拟方法系统研究了柱芳烃、诱导探针化合物、毒品分子甲基苯丙胺三者之间的竞争性分子识别机制，筛选出柱芳烃PP5、诱导化合物3A和甲基苯丙胺MA之间最具竞争性分子识别的组合体系；同时借助湿化学法制备了系列柱芳烃-Au/Ag杂化材料，解析了杂化材料的形成机理，构建了基于竞争性分子识别原理的毒品超分子传感器，实现了毒品毒物分子的快速识别及便携检测；拓展了柱芳烃@Au/Ag杂化材料构建超分子传感器在食品安全、毒品毒物检测、农残检测、环境监测、生物传感与医疗诊断及便携式微型检测器件开发方面的应用；本项目较好地完成了任务书的相应内容，发表SCI论文21篇，申请国家发明专利4项（授权2项），项目负责人在该项目执行期间曾先后入选全国“博士后创新人才支持计划”、云南省优青、云南省高层次人才培养支持计划“青年拔尖人才”、云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才等人才计划，获云南省自然科学二等奖1项（排名第2）；本课题研究结果可为毒品毒物识别检测提供理论与技术支撑，项目的实施有助于拓展超分子传感快速检测新技术在食品安全检测、环境监测、医疗诊断等快速检测及便携式微型检测器件开发方面的应用，同时也为超分子化学传感技术的发展提供新的思路和依据。