截断参量声场中海底掩埋物探测机理与实验研究

Submarine pipelines, shipwrecks, underwater weapon is the main submarine target to be detected, for the suspension, bottom and buried state, the buried objects detection is the most difficult technical problems, and has been the concern of the acoustic field, but it is characterized by a buried target detection technology, low frequency, wide band, narrow beam detection is an effective means to solve this a problem. The parametric array can use small aperture array implementation phase control emission of low frequency, broadband, no side lobes narrow beam, for the superiority which other geophysical methods can not be compared with it. But due to the nonlinear characteristic of parametric acoustic field, the traditional linear acoustic theory is no longer applicable when analysis and interpretation the buried objects detection results and data in practice, therefore, in order to master this technology, nonlinear buried objects detection mechanism must be carried out in-depth research. According to the technical characteristics of the parametric array buried objects detection, project research contents include: (1) the truncated phase parametric acoustic field characteristic research; (2) small grazing angles refraction difference frequency wave propagation characteristics research; (3) researches on the reverberation inhibition mechanism of buried object; (4) pool experimental vertification research. The goal of the research is: to master the parametric array submarine buried target detection mechanism, get beneficial conclusion guiding parametric array submarine buried objects detection theory and technology, promote the buried object detection progress in china.

海底管线、沉船、水中兵器等是主要的海底探测目标，对于悬浮、沉底和掩埋状态的上述目标来说，掩埋目标探测难度最大，是水声领域一直关注的技术难题，但由掩埋物探测技术的特点可知，低频、宽带、窄波束探测是解决这一问题的有效手段。参量阵可利用小孔径基阵实现低频、宽带、无旁瓣窄波束的相控发射，用于掩埋物探测时具有其它物探方法不可比拟的优越性。但由于参量声场的非线性特性，实际中在对参量阵掩埋物探测结果和数据进行分析和解释时，传统的线性声学理论已不再适用，因此，要掌握该项技术必须对非线性探测机理进行深入研究。针对参量阵掩埋物探测的技术特点，项目研究内容包括：（1）截断相控参量声场特性研究；（2）小掠射角折射差频波传播特性研究；（3）掩埋物探测混响抑制技术研究；（4）实验验证研究。研究目标是：系统地掌握参量阵海底掩埋物探测机理，获得指导利用参量阵进行海底掩埋物探测的有益结论，促进我国掩埋物探测技术的进步。

海底管线、沉船、水中兵器等是主要的海底探测目标，对于悬浮、沉底和掩埋状态的上述目标来说，掩埋状态的目标探测难度最大，是水声领域一直关注的技术难题，但由掩埋物探测技术的特点可知，低频、宽带、窄波束探测是解决这一问题的有效手段。参量阵可利用小孔径基阵实现低频、宽带、无旁瓣窄波束的相控发射，用于掩埋物探测时具有其它物探方法不可比拟的优越性。但由于参量声场的非线性特性，实际中在对参量阵掩埋物探测结果和数据进行分析和解释时，传统的线性声学理论已不再适用，因此，要掌握该项技术必须对非线性探测机理进行深入研究。项目针对参量阵掩埋物探测的技术特点，开展了以下研究工作：（1）截断相控参量声场特性研究；（2）不同掠射角下差频波传播特性研究；（3）掩埋物探测混响抑制技术研究；（4）验证试验研究。实测数据处理及验证试验研究验证了项目研究提出的截断参量声场数学建模及数值计算方法、混响抑制方法以及试验研究的有效性，为参量声纳研制与应用奠定一定的技术理论基础。