算术原理加工中数量脑网络与一般语义脑网络的关系

Studying the neural mechanism of mathematical processing is in line with the needs of current scientific frontiers and educational practice in China. Currently, we know little about the brain mechanism of advanced mathematics processing. The reason is that it is a complex system, and it is difficult to explore the different cognitive components and corresponding brain networks during advanced mathematics processing. Arithmetic principle is one of an important advanced mathematical knowledge. It was proved that arithmetic principle processing requires both the numerical processing brain network and the general semantic processing brain network. On this basis, the brain mechanism of arithmetic principle can be used as a starting point for the study of the neural basis of advanced mathematics. How do the numerical quantity processing networks and the general semantic networks collaborate in arithmetic principle processing? Combining graph theory, flexible hub theory and dynamic brain network theory, the current study explores the following two aspects by using fMRI: 1) Of the numerical brain network and the general semantic brain network , which one dominates the arithmetic processing, 2) in the context of dynamic brain function, what are the key functional connectivity pattern within both numerical processing system and general semantic processing system, or between the two networks during arithmetic principle processing? It is expected that this study will reveal the organizational principles of advanced mathematics knowledge in the brain from the basic theoretical level, and provide theoretical support for the mathematical education concept of "strengthening students' mathematical sense and conceptual understanding at the same time" from the educational practice level.

研究数学加工的脑机制符合我国当前科学前沿和教育实践的需求。目前对高级数学加工脑机制的了解有限，这是由于其认知过程复杂，难以对其中不同认知成分及对应脑网络加以探讨。算术原理是重要的高级数学知识。算术原理加工需要数字数量加工脑网络和一般语义加工脑网络的共同参与。以此为基础探讨算术原理的脑机制可作为研究高级数学的神经基础的切入点。数字数量加工网络和一般语义网络是如何共同参与算术原理加工的呢？本研究拟结合图论、灵活枢纽理论和动态脑网络的思想，通过fMRI技术从以下两个方面进行探讨：1) 算术原理加工中数量脑网络和一般语义脑网络以何为主导，2) 在大脑随时间动态变化的背景下，数字数量加工系统和一般语义加工系统间或系统内的关键功能连接模式是怎样的。预期通过本研究，从基础理论层面，揭示高级数学知识在大脑中的组织原则；从教育实践层面，为“同时强化学生数感和概念理解”的数学教育理念提供理论支撑。

高级数学认知加工由于其认知过程复杂，难以对其中不同认知成分及对应脑网络加以探讨。本研究以算术原理为例探讨高级数学加工中的脑机制。前人研究表明算术原理加工需要数字数量加工脑网络和一般语义加工脑网络的共同参与。通过本项目的研究，我们发现，一般语义脑网络涵盖了除顶下回后部、颞中回、梭状回和海马旁回、背内侧前额叶、额下回、 腹内侧前额叶、扣带回后部等脑区外，还包括丘脑枕。同时发现数量加工能力受损与P2p 成分的平均波幅增加及δ、β频段的数量比例效应缺失有关。这两个研究发现让我们进一步掌握了一般语义网络和数量加工网络的功能定位及神经电生理特征。此外，还发现算术原理加工能力受损时，数量加工脑网络出现异常功能连接，这表明数量加工脑网络可能是算术原理加工的优势加工网络。本项目对于算术原理加工脑机制的探讨为深入研究高级数学加工过程提供了新的切入点。