陆稻陆生适应性遗传解析研究

Genetic dissection of aerobic adaptation is important basis of using upland rice in rice breeding for improving drought resistance and terrestrial adaptation. In our previous study. 3 QTL responding aerobic adaptation were detected by a BC4F5 backcross recombinant inbred line population raised from upland rice introgression line, in which, qAER1 effect on increasing plant height, qAER3 and qAER7 effect on heading stage without delay, all of 3 QTL effect on increase the yield on terrestrial environment. On this basis, 3 QTL will be confirmed on different terrestrial environment, single QTL near isogenic lines and pyramided lines with two or three QTL will be raised via marker-assist selection to investigate interaction of different QTL combinations and different terrestrial environment, the genetic mechanism of increased yield by heading stage without delay and plant height increase in terrestrial environment will be elucidated. Furthermore, Key QTL will be fine maped. This study will lay the foundation for utilization of QTL in rice breeding program and further cloning key genes of aerobic adaptation.

解析陆稻适应陆生环境的遗传机制是利用陆稻资源改良水稻品种以适应直播旱作的重要基础。申请小组用陆稻渗入系培育了BC4F5回交重组自交系遗传群体并定位了3个陆生适应性QTL，其中qAER1在陆生环境下增加株高，qAER3及qAER7在陆生环境下抽穗期不延迟，这3个QTL在陆生环境条件下均对产量有正向效应。在此基础上，本申请项目拟在不同水、陆生环境下对3个QTL进行验证，并培育单QTL近等基因系、QTL聚合系，明确QTL之间、QTL与环境之间的互作关系，解析陆稻在陆生环境下通过抽穗期不延迟和增加株高的作用以适应陆生环境并最终作用于产量的遗传基础，进而精细定位陆稻陆生适应性QTL，为育种利用提供依据及进一步克隆陆生适应性关键基因奠定基础。