膜法饮用水处理介观尺度调控原理

Aiming at the great demand of membrane drinking water treatment in China and focusing on those key questions in drinking water treatment process such as membrane filtration mechanism, membrane fouling behavior and integrated process control, this project conducts systematic study in the perspective of “mesoscopic”, taking the theory construction of membrane separation in mesoscale during drinking water treatment process as the basis, mesoscale regulation principle for the microstructure of anti-pollution membrane surface as the core, and the adjustment and control of membrane fouling and operating efficiency as the optimization goal, which researches and analyzes environmental micro-interfacial process in drinking water purification system at three levels including the theory construction of membrane separation, functional design of membrane material and scientific control of technology application, establishes brand new technical principle of membrane drinking water treatment process, and provides theoretical support for drinking water security technology in China.

本项目针对我国膜法饮用水处理重大需求，围绕超滤技术在饮用水处理过程中的膜过滤机理、膜污染行为和组合工艺调控等关键问题，从“介观”的角度进行系统性的研究，以饮用水处理过程中介观尺度的膜分离理论构建为基础，以抗污染膜面微结构及组合工艺介观尺度调控原理为核心，以膜污染与运行能效调控为优化目标，在膜分离理论构建-膜材料功能化设计-工艺应用的科学调控三个层次上研究和解析饮用水净化体系中环境微界面过程，构建膜法饮用水处理新技术原理，为我国饮用水的安全保障技术提供理论支撑。

膜污染问题是制约膜法水处理效率和效果提升的关键瓶颈问题，科学解析介观尺度下的膜污染形成机制，构建有效的饮用水处理过程膜污染介尺度调控机理对科学完善饮用水膜分离理论，推动膜法水处理技术水平提升具有非常重要的科学意义。本项目以构建膜污染介尺度调控机理为研究目标，通过建立膜分离过程膜污染光学原位分析方法，揭示膜分离过程污染物颗粒与超滤膜界面诱导膜污染形成的介尺度特征，阐明了介尺度界面过程膜污染的形成机制和主控因素，构建了制备中空纤维超滤膜高精度孔及抗污染表面的介尺度调控原理，提出了饮用水处理混凝-超滤组合工艺膜污染介尺度优化调控方法，优化了吸附/氧化-超滤技术膜污染介尺度调控工艺，为饮用水膜过滤效率与效果技术水平提升提供了重要的科学依据和技术支撑。研究成果共发表学术论文42篇，其中在Water Research、Journal of Membrane Science等国际SCI收录期刊发表论文39篇（中科院一区论文25篇）；授权国家发明专利5项，申请中国发明专利5项；获省部级科学技术奖3项；已培养2名博士后、3名博士和7名硕士毕业生。