量子度量学在生物磁感应中的应用

From the perspective of quantum metrology, magnetoreception is to use biomolecule as a detector to detect the intensity and direction of the geomagnetic field. However, up to now, no one has used the quantum Fisher information to accurately measure the sensitivity of magnetoreception from the point of view of quantum metrology. In addition, what kind of roles do the quantum entanglement and coherence play in the magnetoreception need our further study. This project intends to quantitatively measure the sensitivity of magnetoreception from the point of view of quantum metrology, and explore the optimal measurement scheme. On the basis of this, we study the effects of quantum entanglement and quantum coherence on the quantum Fisher information, and explore the roles of quantum entanglement and quantum coherence in the magnetoreception. Besides, we also consider the effects of different environmental noises and explore the physical mechanisms that quantum entanglement and quantum coherence can remain for a long time. Studying the magnetoreception from the perspective of quantum metrology can not only provide us deep insights into the physical mechanisms of magnetoreception, but also can provide some theoretical references for designing and developping bionic navigation device and using magnetic field to manipulate biomolecule and even cells.

从量子度量学的角度出发，生物磁感应就是用生物大分子作为探测器探测地磁场的强度和方向。然而，到目前为止还没人从量子度量学的角度出发用量子费舍信息精确度量生物磁感应的灵敏度。此外，量子纠缠和量子相干在生物磁感应过程中是否起作用，起什么样的作用需要进一步研究。本项目拟从量子度量学的角度出发，用量子费舍信息精确度量生物磁感应的灵敏度，并探究最优灵敏度的测量方式。在此基础上，研究量子纠缠和量子相干对量子费舍信息的影响，探究量子纠缠和量子相干在生物磁感应中所起的作用；考虑不同环境噪声的影响，探究量子纠缠和量子相干能长时间保持的物理机制。从量子度量学的角度研究生物磁感应不仅能更深层次地理解生物感知和利用地磁场的物理机制，并且在应用上能为设计研发仿生导航器件和实现用磁场来操控生物大分子、乃至细胞的行为提供理论参考。

生物磁感应是生物利用地磁场信息实现特定的生命功能，如远距离迁徙的导航和定位。目前，生物磁感应的物理机制尚不清楚。随着量子信息学的飞速发展，越来越多的人开始从量子信息学的角度研究生物磁感应，尤其是量子相干和量子纠缠在生物磁感应过程中是否起作用，怎样起作用引起了广泛的研究兴趣。本项目旨在从量子度量学的角度出发，用量子费舍信息精确度量生物磁感应的灵敏度，研究量子纠缠和量子相干在生物磁感应中所起的作用。本项目考虑了由大量自由基对构成的系综，利用统计物理学的基本原理推导出自由基对系综非平衡稳态，并计算了该稳态的量子费舍信息，并指出自由基对对磁涨落更加敏感，磁涨落的灵敏度比磁场强度灵敏度要高一个数量级。此外,本项目还从量子热力学的角度出发，研究了量子相干对信息获取的影响。本项目的研究不仅能更深层次地理解生物磁感应的物理机制，加深人类对自然界的认识，并且在应用上能为设计研发仿生导航器件提供理论指导。