基于“温控-聚结-气浮”油水分离的中药挥发油去乳化调控机理研究

Steam distillation is a common method for the extraction of volatile oil from traditional chinese medicine in the pharmaceutical industry. However this method has emulsify, difficulties to separate oil and water, low extraction rate and other practical problems, it has seriously restricting the development of traditional chinese medicine volatile oil industry. but "remove emulsification" and "oil - water separation" is the key to extract and separation of volatile oil steam distillation method. This topic is based on the previous research, selected twelve typical volatile oil herbs as model drugs. With chemical thermodynamics theory, interface theory, rheology theory, study the principle and formation mechanism of volatile oil in "condensation - drop" process. Useing correlation analysis to dig the key process parameters and pegulation relationship of "temperature control - reduce emulsification" process for extracting volatile oil, introduced "coalescence method" and "air float method" advanced oil - water separation technology which in the field of petrochemical, combine it with the temperature control process, mathematical the model of "temperature control - coalescence - air float", clarified the mechanism of "extraction - separation" of volatile oil "temperature control - coalescence - flotation". To achieve volatile oil green, efficient and fast "extraction - to emulsification - separation" process in one step, in order to provide the scientific basis and theoretical support for solving the key common problems in the separation and extraction of volatile oil from traditional chinese medicine by steam distillation.

水蒸气蒸馏法是制药行业中药挥发油提取的通用方法。然此法存在易乳化、油水分离困难、提取率低等现实问题，严重制约了中药挥发油的产业发展。而"去乳化"及"油水分离"是挥发油提取分离的关键。本课题在前期研究的基础上，选择12种典型的挥发油药材为模型药，借助化学热力学理论、界面理论、流变学理论，探究“冷凝-滴落”过程中挥发油乳化的原理及形成机制。应用相关分析法挖掘挥发油“温控-去乳化”过程的关键工艺参数及调控关系，引入石油化工领域里“聚结法”、“气浮法”先进的油水分离技术，将其与温控过程相结合，构建“温控-聚结-气浮”的过程的数学模型，阐明“温控-聚结-气浮”的挥发油“提取-分离”的调控机理。实现挥发油绿色环保、高效、快速的“提取-去乳化-分离”过程一步完成，以期为解决水蒸气蒸馏法提取分离中药挥发油存在的关键共性问题提供科学依据与理论支撑。

水蒸气蒸馏法是制药行业中药挥发油提取的通用方法。然此法存在易乳化、油水分离困难、提取率低等现实问题，严重制约了中药挥发油的产业发展。而"去乳化"及"油水分离"是挥发油提取分离的关键。本课题在前期研究的基础上，选择6种典型的挥发油药材为模型药，借助化学热力学理论、界面理论、流变学理论，应用相关分析法挖掘挥发油“温控-去乳化”过程的关键工艺参数及调控关系，引入石油化工领域里“聚结法”、“气浮法”先进的油水分离技术，将其与温控过程相结合，构建“蒸发-冷凝-温控-去乳化”的过程的数学模型，阐明挥发油“提取-分离”的调控机理。实现挥发油绿色环保、高效、快速的“提取-去乳化-分离”过程一步完成。本项目经过3年的研究，初步阐明了基于“蒸发-冷凝-温控-去乳化”中药挥发油提取过程调控机理及影响挥发油得率及乳化程度的关键工艺参数，为中药挥发油“智能化、自动化”高效提取工艺及装备设计提供了理论和实验依据。揭示了模型药材“工艺参数-内在成分-乳化程度-提取率”之间的相关关系及关键参数。 采用聚结法及气浮法可以有效地对挥发油提取过程中产生的乳化芳香水进行油水分离，使得川芎、肉桂、当归、薄荷、丁香等挥发油的提取率提高10-30%，提取时间缩短了10-60%。通过工艺改进极大的提高易乳化挥发油的提取率及提取效率。采用“蒸发-冷凝-温控-去乳化”并引进“气浮法”、“聚结法”油水分离技术，可以初步解决中药挥发油提取过程中提取率低、品相差、易乳化分散问题；发表论文14篇，其中以第一或通讯作者发表相关SCI论文3篇，以第一或通讯作者发表核心期刊论文4篇，申请相关专利8项。本项目目前正跟江西中医药大学进行合作研发中药挥发油提取装备，以期为本技术的进一步应用提供更好地应用价值。