最近五十年来黄河三角洲潮间滩涂动力地貌演变研究

The Yellow River Delta, the typical temperate monsoon and muddy coast with unique intertidal flats, has experienced the fluvial sediment decline from the Yellow River Estuary into the sea together with corresponding coast type changes several times during the last 2500 years, and undergone intense human activity from the river basin to coastal zone during the last 50 years. Morphodynamic evolution of the Yellow River Delta intertidal flats in the recent 50 years will be studied in this project, considering the intertidal tidal flats along different sub-deltas constituting the Yellow river delta as a whole, and applying a combination technics of geomorphology, dynamics and sedimentology. .Research contents of this project include intertidal flat geomorphic and sedimentary characteristics, sedimentary dynamic system and its spatio-temporal evolution along the Yellow River Delta in the last 50 years, as well as internal relations and mechanisms of action among them. The key scientific issue to be solved in this project is the composition structure, spatial pattern and evolution of the sedimentary dynamic system along the Yellow River Delta intertidal flats over the last 50 years. .Research object of this project is to reveal the influence mechanism on intertidal flat sediment dynamic processes which is affected by the migration of the Yellow River Estuary, changes of coastal boundary conditions, fluvial sediment from the Yellow river into the sea, and the relative sealevel over the last 50 years, to identify dynamic sedimentary relation between the different coast units, to establish the dynamic geomorphical evolution model of the Yellow River Delta intertidal flats over the last 50 years. .This project has much preliminary research work. Its findings can deepen the study on morphodynamic evolution of intertidal flats in the temperate monsoon region under the influence of global changes, enrich the awareness of the problem that the coast geomorphic effect impacted by global sea-level rise and sediment reduction of the river into the sea.

黄河三角洲属典型温带季风区淤泥质海岸，潮间滩涂独具特色，曾有过多次河口输沙减少及海岸类型的相应变化，近期流域—海岸带人类活动强烈。本项目把黄河三角洲潮滩作为整体，用地貌学、动力学和沉积学结合的技术路线，研究其最近50年来动力地貌演变。.内容包括最近50年来潮间滩涂的地貌、沉积特征、沉积动力体系及时空演变，以及三者内在联系、作用机理。拟解决的关键科学问题为：最近50年来黄河三角洲潮间滩涂沉积动力体系的组成结构、空间格局及演变。.目标是揭示最近50年来黄河口位置、边界条件、入海泥沙和相对海面变化对潮间滩涂沉积动力过程的影响，查明不同岸段潮滩的动力沉积联系，建立最近50年来潮间滩涂动力地貌演变模式。.项目已有较多研究基础。研究结果可深化全球变化影响下潮滩动力地貌演变研究，丰富关于全球海面上升和河流入海泥沙减少的海岸地貌效应的认识，为预测黄河三角洲地貌和环境演变提供依据。

受气候变化、海面上升、泥沙减少、河道渠化等影响，黄河三角洲潮滩处于快速变化时期，近50年来潮滩地貌研究有重要意义。项目主要研究进展：（1）分析了其最近60 年来的黄河三角洲附近海岸的岸线、等深线、地貌冲淤状态演变过程，阐明了控制海岸地貌对黄河口演变响应的沉积动力机制，揭示了潮滩地貌演变的空间差异及其动力机理。相关工作发表在河口海岸领域国际著名期刊《Global and Planetary Change》。（2）通过对黄河入海水沙量与海岸动力条件的多情景精细化模拟，表明黄河现行河口北侧枯丰水期均淤积，东侧枯水期侵蚀丰水期淤积，废弃河口海岸均以侵蚀为主。揭示了其对黄河三角洲潮滩地貌演变影响的动力机理。相关工作发表在河口海岸领域国际著名期刊《Journal of Coastal Research》。（3）解析了天然粉砂孔隙内潴留空气对潮滩地形起伏的影响机理，揭示了潮滩干湿转化地貌发育机制，阐明了其在黄河入海泥沙减少背景下对潮滩冲淤的影响，根据此机理提出了新型海岸防护技术。相关工作发表在海岸工程技术领域一流期刊《Ocean Engineering》上及授权了6项专利。本项目主要研究内容包括最近50年来潮间滩涂的地貌、沉积特征、沉积动力体系及时空演变，以及三者内在联系、作用机理。项目执行期间共发表论文60余篇，授权专利12 件，在Springer Oceanography出版专著1本并获Nature推荐，计算机软著5项，主编《Journal of coastal research》专辑1期。另外，获批省部级以上相关科研项目11项，培养了一批青年学术骨干和研究生。