冷鲜羊肉在温度响应智能抑菌包装内的保鲜机制研究

With the development of chilled mutton，solving the temperature change leading to the microorganisms multiplication because of the process of transportation became the key problem. Our group, using the temperature responsive intelligent packaging film which we did before as foundation, taking Sunite mutton as fresh-care, simulating the temperature change during the process of transportation, using macro genomics technology, researched the variation of micro flora under different packing form the temperature change. The key problem was determining pernicious bacteria. The natural antibacterial agent was selected and loaded on the temperature responsive intelligent membrane, and the temperature response of the intelligent membrane was evaluated by the evaluation of sustained release and controlled release ability. The focus was the packaging film using for chilled mutton. We explored the regularity of controlled release of antibacterial agents, microbial propagation and meat quality change in the simulation of temperature change, revealed the preservation mechanism of the chilled mutton in intelligent packaging film with temperature response. The research was expected to provide experimental data and theory support for chilled Sunite mutton during transport and preservation, and made contributions to the development of chilled mutton.

随着冷鲜羊肉的推广，解决运输过程中因为温度变化而导致的微生物大量繁殖问题，成为冷鲜羊肉发展面临的关键性问题。本课题利用前期研发的具有温度响应性智能包装膜为基础，以苏尼特羊肉为保鲜对象，模拟运输过程中温度变化，采用宏基因组学技术研究不同包装形式下各温度段的菌群变化规律，重点确定各温度段内引起冷鲜羊肉品质变化的有害菌群。筛选天然抑菌剂并负载于智能膜上，通过评价缓释控释能力来评估该智能膜的温度响应性。重点将智能包装膜运用于冷鲜羊肉包装，探索了在模拟温度变化下，抑菌剂控释规律，微生物繁殖变化规律及肉品质变化规律，揭示冷鲜羊肉在温度响应智能包装膜内的保鲜机制。该研究成果有望为苏尼特冷鲜羊肉在运输过程中的保鲜提供了实验数据和理论支持，并为冷鲜羊肉的发展做出应有的贡献。

随着冷鲜羊肉的推广，解决运输过程中因为温度变化而导致的微生物大量繁殖问题，成为冷鲜羊肉发展面临的关键性问题。本课题经过研究发现冷鲜羊肉在真空、气调和常规包装方式下，低温储藏中的优势有害菌为假单胞菌，而温度升高时优势有害菌变为假单胞菌和乳酸菌。基于此有害菌群变化，针对性的选择百里香酚和茶多酚作为天然广谱抑菌剂。采用自由基合成法制备了可包埋抑菌剂的温度响应型纳米颗粒，利用静电吸附作用将其吸附于壳聚糖薄膜上制成了温度响应型抑菌智能膜。并且通过敏感性分析实验发现纳米颗粒具有pH、温度和盐离子响应性。为探究智能膜对冷鲜羊肉的抑菌保鲜效果，分析了其对特征性菌株的抑菌性。研究发现多响应性智能膜能够实现抑菌剂的控制释放及长效抑菌，并且对革兰氏阳性和阴性菌均有抑菌效果，显示了其在冷鲜羊肉中抑菌保鲜的应用潜力。另外，基于茶多酚抑菌剂的pH响应型核壳结构纳米纤维抑菌垫能够有效延长冷鲜羊肉货架期。该抑菌垫的保鲜机制为茶多酚破坏细菌细胞膜，抑制细菌结合宿主细胞和形成生物膜的能力，从而阻碍有害菌生长繁殖。本项目成果能够为冷鲜羊肉腐败机制的探究提供理论基础，为冷鲜羊肉的保鲜措施开发提供了新思路，在肉类保鲜领域具有较大应用价值与意义。