五株印度洋深海来源真菌中抗生物附着活性代谢产物的发现

Marine foulings leads to lost more than 6.0 billion USD every year world-wide, damage all the man-made underwater constructions, increase fuel consumption, shorten metal life span, block the pipe system, increase maintenance cost. Fouling organisms cause serious harm to the marine facility, bring huge economic losses to the marine industry, it is foremost outstanding problems to be solved the in development, utilization of the Ocean. Current antifoulants have many problems, such as highly toxic, non-specific, accumulate in organisms and sediments, hazardous to human. Now widely used containing cuprous oxide and pesticides antifouling coatings damage to the marine environment, looking for environmentally friendly anti-biofouling active substances of particular importance and urgency. The use of chemical ecology inhibiting biofouling technical methods, a new approach to solve marine fouling organisms. Growth in extreme environments deep fungi are important untapped source of production and use of novel biologically active substances, are untapped territory in anti-biofouling study. So far, no natural bioactive compounds have been developed into commercial antifoulants yet. Searching for natural nontoxic antifoulants from marine organisms is new trend to solve marine fouling organisms in recent years. Our prevoius study showed that crude extracts of five strains of Indian deep-sea sediments derived fungi crude extracts exsibited potential antifouling activity, so we use this material for future study. This research is on multidiscipline cooperation of marine biology, marine chemical ecology,and marine natural products. Bioassay guide of antifouling activity, isolation, and structure determination of antifouling compounds by using chromatographic and spectral methods, and study structure-activity relationships for some of the more promising compounds, the use of proteomics technology initially revealed anti-adhesion mechanism of action of small molecule, laying the foundation for the development of a new deep-sea fungal origin efficient and environmentally friendly antifouling agent.

污损生物对海洋设施危害严重，给海洋产业带来巨大经济损失，是开发，利用，经略海洋亟待解决的首要突出问题。目前广泛使用的含氧化亚铜及杀虫剂的防污涂层对海洋环境的破坏日益突显，寻找环境友好的抗生物附着活性物质具有特殊的重要性和紧迫性。采用化学生态学的技术方法抑制生物附着，成为解决海洋污损生物的新思路。生长在极端环境中的深海真菌是尚未被发掘和利用的新颖生物活性物质的重要生产源，是抗生物附着活性物质研究中尚待开发的领地。前期研究表明：五株印度洋深海沉积物来源真菌粗提物具有较强的抗生物附着活性。本课题旨在通过海洋微生物学，化学生态学和海洋天然产物化学等多学科的交叉配合，以抗网纹藤壶金星幼虫附着活性筛选为导向，结合现代色谱，波谱技术，快速分离并结构确定的抑制藤壶幼虫附着的化学信号小分子，研究其构效关系，利用蛋白质组学技术初步揭示抗附着化学小分子的作用机制，为研制深海真菌来源的新型高效环保防污剂奠定基础。

污损生物对海洋设施危害严重，给海洋产业带来巨大经济损失，是开发，利用，经略海洋亟待解决的首要突出问题。目前广泛使用的含氧化亚铜及杀虫剂的防污涂层对海洋环境的破坏日益突显，寻找环境友好的抗生物附着活性物质具有特殊的重要性和紧迫性。采用化学生态学的技术方法抑制生物附着，成为解决海洋污损生物的新思路。本课题通过海洋微生物学，化学生态学和海洋天然产物化学等多学科的交叉配合，以抗网纹藤壶金星幼虫附着活性筛选为导向，结合现代色谱，波谱技术，快速分离并结构确定五株印度洋深海沉积物来源真菌的抑制藤壶幼虫附着的化学信号小分子，研究了构效关系，为研制深海真菌来源的新型高效环保防污剂奠定基础。本项目取得以下研究结果：分离鉴定200个单体化合物，其中结构新颖的化合物50个，发现5个抗网纹藤壶幼虫附着活性强的化合物，发表SCI论文13篇，授权国内发明专利6件，培养博士后1人，博士研究生2人，硕士研究生3人。具有抗污损生物活性的化合物，具有潜在的开发价值，已经和企业合作，进行开发。