近岸植被水流环境中多重复杂因素影响下波浪传播特性研究

Coastal vegetation is natural ecological barrier for shoreline as it can defend against water waves. The propagation of coastal wave in vegetation water is always influenced by multiple factors, such as vegetation, water depth, topography, shoreline and current. However, the present study is mainly focused on the influence of vegetation and the other influence factors are rarely considered. The project aims at studying water wave propagation characteristics in vegetation and current influenced by multiple complicated factors. By means of theory analysis, and experimental and numerical simulation, the corresponding relationship between wave height and wave shape and the variation of vegetation feature parameters, wave parameters and water depth, etc., will be analyzed, then the calculation model for wave drag coefficient by vegetation will be improved and developed, and influence rules of vegetation on the propagation of coastal wave will be discovered. Based on these, the models for coastal wave propagation in vegetation water influenced by vegetation, water depth, topography, shoreline, current, etc., will be developed, in which the interaction between coastal wave and vegetation and current will also be considered, and the mechanism for the propagation of coastal wave in complicated vegetation and current environment influenced by these complicated factors will be interpreted. Then, the impact degree of vegetation feature parameters on coastal extreme wave influenced by multiple complicated factors will be analyzed, and the influence mechanism of vegetation on coastal wave in extreme condition will also be interpreted. It is believed that the above studies can develop and enrich the theory of wave propagation in coastal vegetation water, and provide supports for planning and assessing coastal vegetation revetment projects and mitigating coastal wave disasters.

植被可防御波浪对岸堤冲击，是海岸线天然生态屏障。波浪在近岸植被水域传播通常受植被、水深、地形、岸线、水流等多因素影响。现有研究主要考虑植被对波浪的影响，而较少考虑其它因素的共同影响。本项目以近岸植被水流环境中多重复杂因素影响下波浪传播特性为研究目标。综合理论分析、模型试验和数值模拟等方法，分析波浪传播中波面和波高对表征植被分布的特征参量、波浪要素、水深等变化的响应特性，完善植被引起的波浪拖曳应力系数计算理论，揭示植被对近岸波浪运动的影响规律；考虑植被、水流、波浪的耦合效应，构建植被、水流、水深、地形、岸线等多重因素影响下近岸波浪传播的模拟模型，阐释植被水流环境中多重因素综合影响下波浪的传播机制；分析植被特征参量对极端环境中复杂因素影响下波浪传播的影响程度，阐明近岸植被对极端环境中波浪运动的影响机制。为发展完善植被水域波浪传播理论，规划评估海岸植被防浪工程及波浪减灾措施等提供支持。

近岸植被可消浪防灾，是海岸线天然生态屏障。波浪在近岸植被水域传播通常受植被、水深、地形、岸线、水流等多因素影响。已有研究主要考虑植被对波浪的影响，而较少考虑其它因素的共同影响。本项目以近岸植被水流环境中多重复杂因素影响下波浪传播特性为研究目标，采用理论分析、物理模型实验和数值模拟等研究方法，建立了植被引起的波浪拖曳应力系数计算模型，揭示了植被对近岸波浪运动的若干影响规律；构建了近岸植被水域，植被、水流、水深、地形、岸线等多重因素影响下波浪传播的模拟模型，阐明了植被水流环境中多重因素综合影响下波浪的若干传播机制；揭示了极端环境中波浪在植被水域复杂因素综合影响下传播运动的若干规律，阐明了近岸植被对极端环境中波浪运动的影响机制。研究成果对完善植被水域波浪传播理论具有重要理论意义，可为研究生态型护岸工程及近岸防灾减灾措施等提供理论技术支持。研究成果录用发表标注项目基金号的学术论文18篇（SCI期刊论文8篇）, 代表性成果发表在《Coastal Engineering》、《Ocean Engineering》、《Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering—ASCE》、《Applied Ocean Research》等海岸和海洋工程学科权威刊物上；培养了研究生12名（毕业研究生10名）；项目负责人参加国际学术会议并作分组会议报告2次，举办国际学术研讨会1次；项目组成员参加国内学术会议并作分组会议报告8人次。邀请国际同行专家访问交流6人次；项目负责人应邀赴英国Manchester Metropolitan University数值模拟和流体分析中心学术交流1次。