地下列车运行引起的建筑物中频振动特性及预测方法研究

With the underground urban rail transit and underground high-speed railway construction, prediction of vibration and structure-borne noise in building generated by underground train has become a hot issue. The exsiting theoretical models mainly consider the low frequency vibration of buildings in the frequency range below 100Hz, and seldom concern about the vibration in the mid- frequency range between 20 and 200Hz and the resulting structure-borne noise in buildings,and as a reslut, the large deviations between the theory predicted and measured results in mid-frequency band(20 to 200Hz) often occur. In this project, the deterministic analysis model for the ground-building system under the incident wave field in ground due to underground train will be established by using the substructure method combining with the finite element,boundary element method; and the non-parametric probability analysis model for the ground-building system under the influences of uncertainties of the parameter and model simplification will be developed by means of the random matrix theory; the vibration characteristic of building in mid-frequency range due to underground train in the underground urban rail transit and underground high-speed railway and the related influence factors will be systematically studied by combining with the two theoretical analysis and experimental results; on this basis the prediction method for building vibration in mid-frequency range will be proposed and the prediction accuracy will be effectively essessed. The research results will further improve the prediction accuracy of building vibration caused by the underground train, and provide the theoretical basis and technical guide for the prediction and evaluation of environmental vibration in underground rail transit and the choice of vibration isolation and reducing measures.

随着地下城市轨道交通及地下高速铁路的大量兴建，对地下列车引起的建筑物振动及辐射的结构噪声进行预测评估成为热点问题。既有理论模型主要研究频率低于100Hz的建筑物低频振动，而对频率20-200Hz内建筑物中频振动以及由此辐射的结构噪声的研究非常不足，导致理论预测与实测结果在中频段（20-200Hz）常有较大偏差。课题考虑地下列车引起的地基内入射波场作用，采用子结构法结合有限元、边界元法建立地基-建筑物系统确定性分析模型；引入随机矩阵理论，考虑参数与模型简化等不确定性影响，建立地基-建筑物系统非参数概率分析模型；综合两种理论分析和实测结果，分析城市轨道交通和高速铁路地下线路引起的建筑物中频振动特性及影响因素，提出建筑物中频振动的预测方法，对预测精度进行有效评估。研究成果将进一步提高地下列车引起建筑物振动的预测精度，为地下轨道交通环境振动的预测、评估和隔振减振措施的选择提供理论基础和技术指导。

随着地下城市轨道交通及地下高速铁路的大量兴建，对地下列车引起的建筑物振动及辐射的结构噪声进行预测评估成为热点问题。既有理论模型主要研究频率低于100Hz的建筑物低频振动，而对频率20-200Hz内建筑物中频振动以及由此辐射的结构噪声的研究非常不足，导致理论预测与实测结果常有较大偏差。课题综合采用动态子结构法、有限元方法、多体动力学-有限元联合仿真、圆柱体理论的解析方法、2.5维有限元-边界元方法等方法，建立了列车引起的轨道-隧道-地基-建筑物系统的确定性分析模型。考虑系统中地基和建筑结构的模型与参数不确定性影响，建立了隧道-大地-建筑物系统非参数概率分析模型的基本算法。选取典型地铁工点，实测列车荷载作用下轨道、隧道、大地和建筑物振动响应，进行了时域和频谱的统计分析。详细分析了轮轨平顺状态、轨道结构类型、桩基础等因素对建筑物振动的影响。综合理论模型分析结果与实测结果，基本提出了地下列车运行引起的建筑物中频振动的预测方法。研究成果将进一步提高地下列车引起建筑物振动的预测精度，为地下轨道交通环境振动的预测、评估和隔振减振措施的选择提供理论基础和技术指导，具有重要的工程实际意义。