大展弦比无人机共形一体化天线结构三维变形的实时感知

As the integration-conformal antenna has advantage of the increasing physical aperture of the antenna without affecting the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft, it has been the considered as the trend of the next generation aerospace early warning antenna. It is necessary to sense the structural deformation of the integration-conformal antenna in time to ensure the electricity performance of this kind of antennas. Due to the strict requirements regarding aerodynamic performance of aircraft, measurement period, et al, the conventional non-contact measurement methods such as photogrammetry, laser tracker measurement, are not suitable for the real-time shape sensing of array structural deformation of integration-conformal antennas. On the basis of inverse finite element method and non-linear large deflection theory, this proposal proposes a reconstruction method via the measured strain for real-time shape sensing the 3D deformation of conformal antennas, and tries to make a breakthrough in the three following aspects. 1. Developing a large deflection plane/shell element deformation reconstruction model based on measured strain; 2. Researching the sensor layout optimization to avoid the singularity of reconstruction; 3. Exploring the approach of transferring the surface strains to the middle plane or section strains for different sections. The purpose of this proposal is to study the theory, method and technology of deformation shape sensing of integration-conformal antennas, and overcome the key technology obstacles in the application of the integration conformal platform.

共形一体化天线因具有在增大天线物理口径的同时，不影响空基平台的气动性能的优势，成为下一代空基预警天线发展趋势。为保障该类型天线电性能，需要对一体化天线结构变形进行实时感知。但是受到空基平台气动性能、测量周期等的严格要求，目前常规采用非接触式测量（如摄影测量、激光跟踪仪测量等）已不适用于一体化天线阵面结构变形实时感知。为此，本课题以逆有限元法和非线性大挠度理论为基础，提出基于测量应变重构共形天线结构三维变形的实时感知方法，力求在以下三个方面获得突破：1.建立基于应变的大挠度板壳单元变形重构模型；2.研究通过传感器优化布局来避免重构过程奇异性发生的方法；3.探索不同截面从表面应变到中面/截面应变的转化方法。本项目旨在对共形一体天线变形实时感知的理论、方法和技术进行研究，为共形一体化平台的早日应用扫清关键技术障碍。

大展弦比、轻结构以及共形天线逐渐成为无人预警机未来发展的方向。将机翼和天线一体化不仅能增大天线面积，而且还可以减小天线安装对无人机气动性能的影响。然而，机翼一体化天线在服役过程中受到环境载荷影响，发生变形，严重影响天线指向精度。因此，实时重构机翼变形信息并进行主动电补偿，成为保障共形天线通讯能力的一种有效手段。当前已有的摄影测量法、激光测量法等光电测量方案容易受到服役环境的影响，难以实时精确测量。针对这一问题，本项目依据机翼一体化共形天线结构特点，首先研究了变截面梁、复合梁以及翼型梁单元变形感知建模方法，然后将上述三种建模方法进行耦合建立机翼一体化天线结构变形感知模型，最后，考虑到实际应用环境中，应变传感器安装方案将会影响重构性能，本项目提出以位移场重构精度和稳定性为指标，建立传感器布局优化模型，并搭建机翼加载实验平台进行建模方法和重构能力验证。项目资助发表高水平SCI论文14篇，EI论文1篇，申请发明专利3项、软件著作2项。培养博士2名，硕士7名。项目投入59万，支出56.37万，各项支出基本与预算相符。