基于微纳发光材料的宽场远场纳米显微方法研究

Nanoscopy technologies have big potential applications in cellular biology, material science, integration circuits and sensing for its ability to explore the micro-/nano-world beyond diffraction limit. 1D nanomaterials possess nanoscale apertures, large length-to-diameter ratio, high mechanical flexibility and large evanescent waves, and thus show significant promise in label-free wide-field far-field sub-diffraction imaging, which is still beyond reach in the previous studies on nanoscopy. In this project, we will develop a new method to achieve label-free wide-field far-field nanoscopy by utilizing 1D nano light sources. These kind of sources can cover a broad spectral range and usually generate light with large wave vector. By designing hybrid structure with effective coupling, subwavelength objects will be interacting with the light with large wave vector emitted from the nanoscale light source. High frequency spatial information will be carried by travelling waves to the far field during the scattering process and a far-field sub-diffraction image will be constructed. The field of view may reach up to one-magnitude-order larger than previous label-free far-field and full-field sub-diffraction imaging. Besides, effective and controllable pumping and signal collecting modulus will also be developed correspondingly. We will investigate the light generation mechanism and new effects in the 1D nanoscale light emitter, as well as the interaction between light and matter at nanoscale. This research will bring a new avenue towards nanoscale visualization, which will broadly benefit biology medicine, information and materials science and so on.

纳米成像技术的亚波长探测能力对于生物细胞学、材料科学和微电子等领域的发展具有重要意义。一维微纳材料具有纳米级孔径、强倏逝场、大长径比、强电子光子限域能力和优异的机械性能，有望实现大面积倏逝场向远场的同步传输与探测，突破长久以来纳米显微成像技术中的窄视场瓶颈，实现无标记宽场远场纳米成像。本项目中，我们将研究基于一维微纳发光材料的新型纳米成像技术。该技术通过设计复合结构实现环形大波矢倏逝场照明，在近场与亚波长样品相互作用，远场接收样品散射的高频空间信息，实现实时宽场远场纳米成像，成像面积有望达到已有纳米成像方法的10倍以上。同时实现微纳光源的可控激发、远场信号的高效采集和模块化封装，并用于生物细胞、微纳材料和集成芯片等样品检测。我们的研究对于探索纳米尺度上光与物质相互作用的新效应和新机理具有重要意义，将推动微纳发光材料和器件在生物医学、信息技术和材料科学等领域的广泛应用。

纳米成像技术的亚波长探测能力对于生物细胞学、材料科学和微电子等领域的发展具有重要意义。倏逝场由于其高横向波矢的特点，可以实现无标记超分辨显微。本项目以倏逝场移频超分辨显微为中心，主要研究了如下内容：（1）复合结构设计与光场耦合特性研究。（2）亚波长尺度结构的散射特性以及纳米显微成像原理研究。（3）纳米光源显微成像系统的光路设计。（4）成像质量的优化以及三维纳米显微成像的实现。.取得的重要创新成果、关键数据及科学意义：（1）设计了多种设计多种复合结构，包括一维纳米光源-平板波导复合结构、二维荧光薄膜-平板波导复合结构、二维光源-光栅衬底耦合结构、光学波导结构等多种光场耦合结构并研究了其倏逝场耦合特性（2）利用3D-FDTD和Comsol 等软件构建模型，分析耦合和散射过程中的近场特性；结合矢量衍射理论和耦合波理论，探究表征高频信息的方法；设计了移频超分辨显微的频谱拼接算法，通过采集远场移频信息恢复样品的真实细节信息，实现远场纳米显微成像。（3）利用空间光调制器将普通光场耦合进倏逝场复合结构，形成一套和传统显微镜集成的远场纳米显微光学成像系统。（4）优化了纳米光源超分辨显微成像系统，加工制备了兼容无标记和标记样品的晶圆级超分辨显微芯片，并研究了基于波导芯片的三维超分辨显微原理，可以实现横向50纳米,纵向3纳米的三维超分辨显微成像。