基于臭氧/陶瓷膜一体化耦合工艺的新型污水深度处理技术及应用

Water pollution has become one of the most severe environmental issues in China’s sustainable development. In recent years, emerging contaminants such as Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) and Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) have been frequently detected in the permeate of wastewater treatment plants. Traditional wastewater treatment processes are not effective for the removal of EDCs and PPCPs, however, the discharge of these emerging contaminants will pose a huge risk to ecological environment and human being even at quite low concentrations. The State Council released “Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution” on 18th April, 2015 with one of the major issues of advanced treatment and controlling of emerging contaminants in the permeate of wastewater..In this project, the integrated process of ozonation/ceramic membrane filtration within one tank was proposed for PPCPs and EDCs removal, improvement of permeate water quality and in-situ membrane fouling control in advanced wastewater treatment. The effect of the integrated process of ozonation/ceramic membrane filtration in advanced wastewater treatment and the corresponding mechanism will be systematically investigated. The results of this project will be valuable and instructive for the update of traditional wastewater treatment plants based on the State Council’s new requirement.

水污染问题已经成为影响我国可持续发展的重大环境问题。近年来，除了常见的有机物，一些新型的有机物比如药物和个人护理品 (PPCPs) 以及内分泌干扰物（EDCs）等在国内外的污水处理厂出水中频频被检出。传统的污水处理工艺对于这些新型污染物并没有有效的去除作用，然而, 排放富含这些新型有机物的出水将极大地威胁着生态环境特别是水体的生态安全以及潜在的人体健康。2015年4月18日国务院正式发布《水污染防治行动计划》（简称“水十条”），要求对污水进行深度处理并控制污水中的新型污染物。.本项目提出了臭氧/陶瓷膜一体化耦合工艺，将臭氧和陶瓷膜置于同一个单元，针对污水深度处理中新型污染物PPCPs和EDCs的去除、出水水质的提高及原位膜污染的控制展开系统研究。深入探讨臭氧/陶瓷膜耦合工艺的控制效能及揭示相应的机理。臭氧/陶瓷膜耦合工艺将对“水十条”新规下污水厂的升级改造具有重要的指导作用和参考价值。

膜工艺已被广泛地应用于水/污水处理领域中，膜的优点包括出水水质更好，占地面积更小等。然而, 如何优化膜法水处理的工艺及有效的控制膜污染仍然是膜技术更广泛应用的一个大的挑战。研究以同步控制膜污染及实现污水深度处理为目标，具体解析膜/高级氧化耦合工艺的作用机理，提出原位臭氧及耦合六价铁工艺可以高效产生羟基自由基从而利于膜污染的原位控制及出水水质的提高，通过对比调控前后膜污染、水质、微生物群落等主要特性参数，重点研究原位臭氧及耦合六价铁工艺的调控有效性并阐明了调控机制，同时优化了运行参数，进一步提升了同步实现污水深度处理及原位膜污染控制的性能。针对如何优化膜法水处理的工艺及有效的控制膜污染这一议题，申请人提出了优化控制膜工艺的“上-中-下游”的学术思路，围绕上述思想，申请人重点开展了“膜法前处理-水质优化”、 “膜污染原位控制”和“膜组合工艺的集成”三项关键技术的研究，并已取得了阶段性成果，发表了SCI论文11篇（均为JCR 1区论文）。相关工作发表了多篇Journal of Membrane Science并被主编高度评价极大地推动了膜污染领域的研究和扩宽了膜污染控制的策略。