基于金纳米颗粒的肿瘤细胞核靶向放疗辅助药物的研究

At present, radiation therapy has been widely used in cancer therapy. However, the severe side effects restrict the dosage and effect of radiotherapy. To increase radiation susceptibility of cancer is an effective means to promote the tumor inhibition rate in radiation therapy. Herein, we choose graphene quantum dots which specifically target tumor tissue nuclei (t-GQDs) with excellent ability in both one and two-photon imaging and gold nanoparticles (Nano-Au) with sensitizing properties of radiation to study the possibility of the composite of t-GQDs and Nano-Au (Nano-Au-t-GQDs) as radiotherapy auxiliary drug. Both t-GQDs and Nano-Au are easily accumulation in the tumor tissue with enhanced permeation and retention effect. Nano-Au-t-GQDs can directly target the tumor cell nuclei which further improve the killing rates of tumor cells. Application of Nano-Au-t-GQDs in radiotherapy will combine the radiotherapy, target therapy and photothermal therapy in a perfect way. Furthermore, with excellent two photo image ability of GQDs, application of Nano-Au-t-GQDs made diagnosis and treatment of cancer in situ possible. It has shown us bright prospects to consistence between the cancer therapy and the diagnosis.

目前，放射治疗被广泛的应用于癌症治疗，但是由于放射治疗的严重副作用制约着放射治疗的剂量和效果。增加癌症病灶的辐射易感性来提高治疗效率，是目前放射治疗中有效的手段。本项目选择能够特异靶向肿瘤组织细胞核并且具有优异的单双光子成像能力的石墨烯量子点(t-GQDs)作为细胞核靶向物质与具有辐射增敏特性的金纳米颗粒 (Nano-Au)复合,研究t-GQDs 与Nano-Au的复合物（Nano-Au-t-GQDs）作为放射治疗辅助药物的疗效及可行性。t-GQDs和Nano-Au均可在肿瘤区域富集，而Nano-Au- t-GQDs直接靶向肿瘤病灶区域的肿瘤细胞核，能够进一步提高了对肿瘤细胞的杀死率。Nano-Au-t-GQDs在放射治疗中的应用将放射治疗、靶向治疗、光热治疗完美结合，并且利用t-GQDs优异的双光子性能，实现原位诊断，从而为肿瘤治疗和治疗效果的监测一体化提供了光明的前景。

目前，放射治疗被广泛的应用于癌症治疗，但是由于放射治疗的严重副作用制约着放射治疗的剂量和效果。增加癌症病灶的辐射易感性来提高治疗效率，是目前放射治疗中有效的手段。本项目选择能够特异靶向肿瘤组织细胞核并且具有优异的单双光子成像能力的石墨烯量子点(t-GQDs)作为细胞核靶向物质与具有辐射增敏特性的金纳米颗粒 (Nano-Au)复合,研究t-GQDs 与Nano-Au的复合物（Nano-Au-t-GQDs）作为放射治疗辅助药物的疗效及可行性。.设计了复合物Nano-Au-t-GQDs细胞核靶向放疗辅助药物的特性，将放射治疗、光热治疗、靶向治疗有效结合，增加癌症病灶的辐射易感性提高放射治疗效率，降低副作用。研究Nano-Au和t-GQDs的复合物在放射治疗中的应用的可行性，探索了最佳条件。探索了不同型貌及粒径的Nano-Au与t-GQDs复合的方法及性能，利用两种材料在光学性质上的共性，增加癌症病灶的辐射易感性提高放射治疗效率。 同时在深入研究机制的过程中， 对金纳米颗粒及靶向纳米 荧光探针的靶向机制进行了深入细致的研究。