新型城镇化下西北地区基层村绿色消解模式与对策研究

The project focuses on the rural human settlement of the basic-level villages in Northwest China. Based on the actuality of ecological fragility, impoverished and backward of local distinct, low level of urbanization, scattered allocation of the villages, in order to adapt to the developmental situation, that is to reduce the number of basic-level villages of the region, declining population , demolishing dwellings, modern agriculture development, ecological strategy which led the development trend of urbanization. Aiming at the invalid plans, disordered constructions, inefficient resource use, relying on the "3R" (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) scientific principles, introducing the concept of "Resolution period", using quantitative dynamic analysis methods, trying to comb the northwest basic-level villages geographical type and classification model in the new urbanization; Propose rheological law with dynamic calculation method of the region's population; Optimize the region basic-level villages "Resolution period" planning methods and techniques; Form the regional guide lines of the basic-level villages planning formation; Establish the regional basic-level villages dwellings' green resolution mode; Explore the basic-level villages resolution process in the typical traditional cultural relics protection, and promote rural planning industry technology level, to guide the sustainable development of the regional basic-level villages in the new urbanization. The key point is, using "Green resolution"planning principle and method to solve the problem, which is how to develop the basic-level villages' human settlement in the "Inverse development period " .

本申请课题面向西北地区基层村人居环境，基于该地区生态脆弱、贫穷落后、城镇化水平低下、村落布局分散的现实，适应其村庄减少、人口衰减、民居消解、农业现代、生态主导等城镇化影响下的发展态势，针对基层村发展中所出现的规划无效、建设无序、资源低效等问题，依托"3R"（Reduce，Reuse，Recycle）科学原理，提出"消解期"概念，运用量化动态分析等方法，梳理新型城镇化下西北地区基层村地域类型及其典型模式，提出本地区人口流变规律与动态测算方法，优化基层村消解期的规划方法与技术，形成基层村规划编制导则，建立本地区基层村民居建筑绿色消解模式，提升基层村消解过程中典型传统文化遗存保护与利用技术，以推动乡村规划行业技术水平的进步，引导本地区基层村在新型城镇化进程中的可持续发展。本申请课题的特色在于，运用"绿色消解"规划原理与方法来解决基层村人居环境"逆发展期"的问题。

针对西北地区生态脆弱、贫穷落后、城镇化水平低下、村落布局分散现状，运用POI、遥感等空间信息数据与GIS分析技术，通过大规模实地调查、基层村宅院及建筑生活空间使用调查、基层村数量变化基本模式综合分析、基层村消解绿色规划与建筑设计创作以及试点示范建设和评价等方法，从概念、理论、方法、模式、技术体系、编制方法和数据库等方面，提出西北地区基层村地域类型，分析建立基层村不同地域类型下典型模式；建立西北地区基层村消解基础数据库，总结基层村消解期人口流变规律，提出新的以土地生产力为驱动力的动态“人—地关系”测算方法；提出“基层村绿色消解 ”概念及类型，测算基层村消解与地貌类型、海拔、坡度、河流水系、道路、乡镇距离、人口密度、平均收入水平及移民搬迁政策9个相关影响要素的量化关系与分析方法；梳理了西北地区基层村消解的基本规律和动因条件，提出基层村绿色消解的转型途径；建立了对应的绿色消解基础理论和方法；提出了适合西部地区文化、社会经济发展状况、自然与气候条件、农业现代化水平、乡村地域建筑综合技术水平的基层村居住建筑体系消解转型与再利用方式；提出西北地区基层村绿色消解模式与对策。本项目研究成果补充了乡村规划原理方法与技术体系中基层村层面的相关规划原理与方法，对于推动乡村规划行业技术水平进步，提升西北地区基层村消解过程中的科学性具有积极意义。