农田土壤微生态系统对当归产出性能影响机理的研究

It aims at the serious problems and actuality that wildland has been being used as seedbed for cultivating Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels seedlings and the limited farm residus were still arranged to cultivate the medical plant roots under its replicated residues in blindness, resulting in unbalance of the cropland soil micro-ecosystem and aggravation occurring in diseases, pests, and weeds endangered disserving, in the trueborn productive area of the ‘native medicinal plant’ in Gansu. In this project, local familiar crops (Astragalus membranaceus, Triticum aestivum, Solanum tuberosum, A. sinensis ) will be cultivated in the same crop residue to culture different cropland soil micro-ecosystems and then cultivate the angelica seedlings nursed in waste field and A. membranaceus residue farmland, respectively, compared with the angelica replicated resudue as the control. Firstly, rhizosphere microbes, pathogenic microbes and their relationships to the medical plant output ability in these ecosystems will be studied systematically. Secondly, the weed bank, pest bank and their relationship to the medical plant output ability in these ecosystems will be studied systematically.Thirdly, the ecological niche, abiotic factors and their relationship to the medical plant output ability in these ecosystems will be studied systematically. Though above all studies, the difference in the feedback of the plant-soil in these micro-ecosystem will be explored in order to further reveal the affective mechanism of the soil micro-ecosystem result from different crop residues on the medical plant output ability, finally providing scientific evidences for exploring new strategies to adjust and control the soil micro-ecosystem adapted for cultivating the medical plant roots and exploring new strategy to draw up the crop rotate arrangement for the plant, resulting in protection and improvement of sustainable development for the angelica production in the natively productive areas.

茬口是影响农田土壤生态系统的重要因子，成为农作学研究的热点之一。针对甘肃“地道药材”当归道地产区长期以来采用生荒地育苗，栽培茬口安排又盲目，重迎茬突出，导致生境破坏，农田土壤生态系统失衡，病虫草害加重，早期抽薹率提高，栽培成效下降等严重问题及现状，首先培育当地作物（黄芪，小麦，马铃薯，当归）茬口，造就农田不同土壤微生态系统，然后将撂荒地和黄芪茬育成苗栽移栽已培育的土壤系统，以当归重茬为对照。第一、研究系统中根际微生物、病原物与当归产出性能的关系；第二、研究系统中杂草库和害虫库与当归产出性能的关系；第三、研究系统中物种生态位、非生物因子与当归产出性能的关系。通过上述研究，旨在探明当归-土壤反馈差异，揭示农田土壤微生态系统影响当归产出性能的机理，为探寻调控优化当归栽培的农田土壤系统和制定轮作倒茬新策略提供科学依据，有效保护和促进我国道地产区当归生产可持续发展。

茬口是影响农田土壤生态系统的重要因子，成为农作学研究的热点之一。针对甘肃“地道药材”当归道地产区长期以来采用生荒地育苗，栽培茬口安排又盲目，重迎茬突出，导致生境破坏，农田土壤生态系统失衡，病虫草害加重，早期抽薹率提高，栽培成效下降等严重问题及现状，首先培育当地作物（黄芪，小麦，马铃薯，当归）茬口，造就农田不同土壤微生态系统，然后将撂荒地和黄芪茬育成苗栽移栽已培育的土壤系统，以当归重茬为对照。第一、通过16S rDNA方法，研究系统中根际微生物、病原物与当归产出性能的关系；第二、研究系统中杂草库和害虫库与当归产出性能的关系；第三、研究系统中物种生态位、非生物因子与当归产出性能的关系。通过上述研究，旨在探明当归-土壤反馈差异，揭示农田土壤微生态系统影响当归产出性能的机理，为探寻调控优化当归栽培的农田土壤系统和制定轮作倒茬新策略提供科学依据，有效保护和促进我国道地产区当归生产可持续发展。