不同茬口当归育苗根际微生物多样性及其对苗栽质量影响机理研究

It aims at the serious problem and actuality that wilderness was continuously used as seedbeds for angelica seedling cultivation in Min and Zhang counties of Gansu resulting in destructed vegetation and deteriorated entironment in the main productive area of Angelica sinensis as 'native medicinal materials'. The soil resources from local farm residues (potato, angelica and Astragalus membranaceus) will be selected as seedbeds to cultivate angelica seedlings, compared with the wilderness soil as the control. Based on isolated incubatiion and observation under microscopes, combined with molecular biology technique, the PCR products of DGGE belts of the rhizosphere microbes collected from different residues following amplificatiing V3 region in 16s rDNA genes using DGGE technique will be cloned and sequenced and analized in bioinformatics so that the regional strains, preponderant species and phylogenetic diversity of the rhizosphere microbes under different residues will be systematically studied. At the same time scientific evidence in pathogenic microbes, biomembrane stability, protein stability and antioxidation system in the seedlings and the plant difference in growth and development will be explored in order to reveal the change difference of the rhizosphere microbes with the seedling growth and development and to reveal the affective mechanism of the microbe diversity from A.sinensis rhizosphere on the seedlings under different residues, so that it can provide a new thought and scientific evidences for selecting seedbeds adapted for cultivating angelica seedlings, which can replace wilderness soil. Finally it can result in innovation in technical theories and methods for standard operation of cultivating angelica seedlings, protection of ecological environment and improvement of sustainable development for angelica in the natively productive areas.

针对甘肃"地道药材"当归主产区岷县和漳县育苗基地一直沿用生荒地育苗，导致植被破坏和生态环境恶化等严重问题及现状，选用当地熟地农茬口（马铃薯、当归和黄芪）资源进行当归育苗探索，以生荒地为对照，出苗后分期采用分子生物学16s rDNA V3区扩增后PCR-DGGE技术，对各茬口微生物DGGE条带PCR产物克隆测序并进行生物信息分析，系统研究不同茬口当归根际微生物区系特征、优势种和多样性的变化动态及其差异性，并从苗栽根际土样病原微生物种类、生物膜稳定性、抗氧化系统、生长发育和抗早期抽薹差异探寻根际微生物影响苗栽质量的科学证据，旨在探明不同茬口根际微生物随当归苗生长发育进程的变化差异及其对当归苗栽质量的影响机理，为筛选可替代生荒地适宜当归育苗的农茬口床土提供新的思路和科学依据，探寻可替代生荒地进行当归育苗的优异农茬口土壤资源，保护生态环境，促进我国道地产区当归生产的可持续发展。

针对甘肃“地道药材”当归主产区岷县和漳县育苗基地沿用生荒地育苗，导致植被破坏和生态环境恶化等严重问题及现状，在当归道地产区岷县、宕昌和卓尼县选用当地熟地农茬口资源进行当归育苗探索，以生荒地为对照，出苗后分期采用16s rDNA V3区扩增后PCR-DGGE技术、Eco技术，系统研究不同茬口当归根际微生物区系特征、优势种和多样性的变化动态及其差异性，并从苗栽根际病原微生物种类、膜稳定性、抗氧化系统、生长发育和抗早期抽薹差异探寻根际微生物影响苗栽质量的科学证据，旨在探明不同茬口根际微生物随当归苗生长发育进程的变化差异及其对当归苗栽质量影响机理，为筛选可替代生荒地适宜当归育苗的农茬床土提供新的思路和科学依据，探寻可替代生荒地当归育苗的优异农茬土壤资源。结果表明，不同产区农茬口对当归苗栽生长发育和抗逆性均具有显著影响，影响程度随产区前茬作物的不同而异，岷县小麦和黄芪茬与生荒地最为接近，宕昌县党参茬口、卓尼县秦艽和蚕豆茬口培育的当归苗栽质量最佳，这些农茬口当归苗栽根际微生物多样性丰度高，优势真菌少，土壤理化特性奠定了较强的苗栽抗逆生化基础，提高了成药率和药材的产量和质量。综合评判显示，岷县农茬口育成当归苗栽优劣依次为黄芪茬＞小麦茬＞马铃薯茬＞生荒地＞当归茬；卓尼县依次为秦艽茬口＞蚕豆茬口＞青稞茬口＞油菜茬口＞马铃薯茬口＞羌活茬口；宕昌县依次为党参茬口＞马铃薯茬口＞当归重茬＞油菜茬口＞黄芪茬口＞蚕豆茬口。当归育苗优异农茬口资源的筛选可有效保护生态环境，促进我国道地产区当归生产的可持续化发展。