机械结构对称性在产品设计中的设计知识挖掘、应用规律及应用方法研究

Structure symmetry widely exists in mechanical products and plays an important role in mechanical product design, but there still lacks systematic research on mechanical structure symmetry. In this proposal, the mechanical structure symmetry is a generalized symmetry, which including strict structure symmetry, structure symmetry broken and weak structure symmetry. Based on the existing researches by the applicant, aiming at studying the design knowledge discovery, application laws and methods of the three kinds of mechanical structure symmetries, this proposal will launch the research in following aspects: 1) Taking the symmetric elements as classified standards, the classification systems of the three kinds of structure symmetries will be established. A judging method for discriminating structure symmetry, structure symmetry broken, weak structure symmetry will be proposed. So the structure characters of the three kinds of structure symmetries can be recognized completely.2) Applying the method of knowledge discovery, design knowledge of the three kinds of structure symmetries will be mined from vast design isntances. Based on the analysis of design knowledge, generalized application laws of the three kinds of structure symmetries can be established to respectively direct the scientific application of the three kinds of structure symmetries. 3) To direct the designers to purposefully and respectively apply structure symmetry, structure symmetry broken and weak structure symmetry, the different functions of the three kinds of structure symmetries will be proposed, the change of functions following the change of structure by transferring strict structure symmetry to structure symmetry broken and weak structure symmetry will be studied, and the different application conditions of the three kinds of structure symmetries and its symmetric elements will also be studied. Finally, some innovative structure designs for auto-part products will be developed to test the rationality of the above research results. The research results of this proposal can provide new ideas and new methods for mechanical product design, and improve the technical, economic and social performances of mechanical products.

结构对称性广泛存在于机械产品中并起着重要作用，但缺乏系统研究。在申请人已有研究基础上，本项目将对三种结构对称性(结构对称、对称破缺和弱对称)的设计知识挖掘、应用规律和应用方法展开以下研究：1)建立由对称性要素区分的三种结构对称性的分类体系，建立三种结构对称性的判别方法，获得对三种结构对称性结构特征的全面认识；2)采用知识发现方法从设计实例中挖掘设计知识，建立三种结构对称性的普遍性应用规律，用以分别指导三种结构对称性的科学应用；3)建立一般条件下三种结构对称性的不同功效，研究机械产品结构对称性程度的变化带来的功效上的变化规律，研究三种结构对称性及对称性要素在实现设计需求等方面的不同应用条件，指导设计人员在产品设计中有目的的区别应用结构对称、对称破缺和弱对称。最后以汽摩配产品的创新设计实例验证本项目的研究成果。本项目的研究可为机械产品设计提供新思路和新方法,提高机械产品技术性、经济性和社会性。

结构对称性是机械系统中常见的现象，对于实现产品设计需求具有重要的作用。本项目对三种机械结构对称性(结构对称、对称破缺和弱对称)的设计知识挖掘、应用规律和应用方法展开研究，主要研究内容包括三种结构对称性的分类体系及判别方法，机械结构对称性知识发现方法及数据挖掘算法，三种结构对称性的普遍性应用规律，机械产品结构对称性程度的变化带来的功效上的变化规律等。经过三年的研究，本项目完成了预期研究内容，基本达到了预期的研究目标，具体成果包括：1）建立了以对称要素为分类标准的机械结构静态对称、对称破缺和弱对称的概念体系及其对应的数学模型，2）建立了两种机械结构对称性的判别方法，一种是基于模糊综合评价的结构对称度综合性判别方法，一种是基于对称性要素几何破缺的对称度计算方法，3）建立了一种基于实例的机械结构对称性知识发现方法，建立了三种结构对称性的设计知识模型，建立了两种新的关联规则数据挖掘算法，4）建立了一个计算机辅助机械结构对称性设计知识挖掘系统，在此基础上采用知识发现方法和设计知识模型从实例中挖掘了设计知识，得到了三种结构对称性的若干普遍性应用规律，建立了基于机械结构对称性对称度变化与功能演变之间的若干规律，并将得到的设计知识和应用规律应用到具体产品设计中，得到了产品的创新性设计成果。本项目的成果推进了机械对称性的系统性研究，有助于系统深入的认识和应用机械结构对称性，为机械产品设计提供新思路和新方法,提高机械产品技术性、经济性和社会性。