负载型钴系复合过渡金属材料活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素类污染物的效能和机理

Since the antibiotics have the characteristics of strong biological toxicity, refractory biodegradation and susceptibility to bacterial resistance and resistance genes, a new cobalt-supported catalytic materials prepared by “electroless plating + calcination” method is used to activate persulfate for antibiotics degradation. Eelectroless plating can enhance the catalytic activity and stability of catalysts while reducing preparation costs. First, optimize the preparation conditions to obtain the best catalytic materials and analyze its efficacy, kinetics, mechanism and detoxification on antibiotics degradation by activating persulfate. Then, explore the enrichment-catalysis coupling mechanism of trace antibiotics in composite materials, reveal the synergistic effects of multiple components in composite metal materials and confirm the synergistic effects for the improvement of free radical yields. In addition, analyze the antibiotic degradation products, toxicity changes, degradation pathways and deep regulation mechanism of composite materials with different structures and properties prepared by electroless plating. Finally, evaluate the stability of the catalytic materials and the risk of metal ion leaching in the system, identify the key impact factors and propose the mechanism for stability enhancement. This project can provide technical basis for the development of an economic and efficient persulfate-activated system. In particular, it has important application value for the deep degradation and detoxification of antibiotic contaminants.

针对抗生素具有生物毒性强、难生化降解、易导致细菌耐药性和抗性基因的特性，提出“化学镀+煅烧”制备负载型钴系复合过渡金属催化材料及其活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素类的新方法，化学镀能强化催化材料的反应活性和稳定性，并降低制备成本。首先，优化化学镀制备条件获得最佳催化材料，分析其活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的效能、动力学、机理和脱毒性；然后，探明微量抗生素在复合材料中的富集-催化的耦合机制，揭示复合金属材料多组分之间的协同催化作用机制，确认协同作用对自由基产率的提高；其次，分析抗生素的降解产物、毒性变化、降解途径与化学镀制备不同结构和性能的复合材料之间的深层调控机理；最后，评估催化材料的稳定性和金属离子浸出风险，识别关键影响因子，提出增强稳定性的机制。项目研究成果能为开发经济高效的活化过硫酸盐系统提供技术依据，尤其对抗生素类污染物的深度降解和脱毒具有重要的应用价值。

针对抗生素具有生物毒性强、难生化降解、易导致细菌耐药性和抗性基因的特性，提出制备负载型钴系复合过渡金属催化材料及其活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素类的新方法，强化催化材料的反应活性和稳定性。制备了6种催化材料，分析其活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的效能和机理；然后，揭示复合金属材料多组分之间的催化作用机制，确认协同作用对自由基产率的提高；其次，分析抗生素的降解产物、降解途径与机理；最后，评估催化材料的稳定性和金属离子浸出风险，识别关键影响因子。试验结果表明：（1）以6种新制备的复合金属材料为基础，分别构建活化过硫酸系统，均能有效地去除药物类污染物（去除率高于90%），彻底破坏药物的分子结构，有效地降低药物的生物抑制性；（2）Co和Fe的协同作用促进了Co0.25Mg2.75Fe1-LDO/PMS体系中的金属循环和活性物质Co-OH+的产生，强化材料的催化活性，同样，Co-Fe/Al2O3优异的催化能力归结于Co和Fe的协同作用；（3）材料制备方法的改进能够有效地提高材料的稳定性，避免重金属浸出引起的二次污染。项目研究成果能为开发经济高效的活化过硫酸盐系统提供技术依据，尤其对抗生素类污染物的深度降解和脱毒具有重要的应用价值。