京津冀家政服务人力资源协同配置机制与优化措施研究

In recent years, the shortage of domestic service personnel has become a normal problem for Beijing and Tianjin. In addition, due to overcapacity and agricultural modernization, there are a large number of surplus labor in Hebei. Along with the deepening of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy, the collaborative allocation of domestic human resources began to highlight. This project is aimed at solving the key scientific problems in the collaborative allocation of domestic human resources of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. From the perspective of regional industrial chain, the competency model, the system evaluation method, the game theory and the decision optimization theory have been used in the project. First of all, the obstacles for collaborative allocation of domestic human resources in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei have been analyzed from the two aspects of labor mobility and supply quality. Then, based on the quantitative modeling techniques such as decision-making optimization and evolutionary game, local government decision game model, information sharing game model, evolutionary game model of management model, and bilateral matching model of supply and demand are built around the different scientific problems in human resource's regional coordination and optimization, which construct a synergistic mechanism system from macro, meso and micro levels. Lastly, this project pay attention to the quantitative research conclusions and practice. several collaboration measures have been proposed from the perspective of the related subjects, such as government, training institutions, and domestic enterprises, which provides the theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the domestic human resources collaborative allocation in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

近年来，北京、天津家政服务人员紧缺已成为常态，而河北由于产能过剩、农业现代化导致大量第一和第二产业的过剩劳动力。伴随着京津冀协同发展战略的不断深入，致使三地家政人力资源协同配置问题凸显。本项目针对京津冀家政人力资源协同配置面临的亟待解决的关键科学问题，从区域产业链的角度，综合应用胜任力模型、系统评价方法、博弈理论、决策优化理论方法，从劳动力流动（充要条件）和供应质量（供应链）两个层面来分析三地家政人力资源协同配置中存在的障碍因素；围绕人力资源区域内统筹优化的不同科学问题，灵活运用决策优化、演化博弈等定量建模技术，建立地方政府博弈模型、信息共享博弈模型、管理模式演化博弈模型、以及供需双边匹配模型，从宏观、中观和微观三个层面深入探讨协同配置机制体系。同时，注重将定量研究结论与实践相结合，从政府、培训机构、家政企业等相关主体角度提出协作措施，为京津冀家政人力资源协同配置提供理论基础和决策参考。

本项目围绕京津冀家政服务业亟待解决的问题进行了探索性研究：（1）针对京津冀家政服务劳动力流动关键制约因素识别，构建了由人力资源供应—获取—发展—配置及反馈五大环节组成的家政服务业人力资源供给链。（2）针对京津冀家政服务人力资源供给质量综合评价研究，构建了京津冀家政服务人力资源供给质量评价指标体系。其中，反映过程维度的指标24个；反映供给结果维度的指标11个。对京津冀家政服务人力资源供给质量评价进行研究，通过对京津冀多家企业的访谈及问卷调查，基于 AHP-TOPSIS模型，对京津冀家政服务人力资源供给质量进行了评价和排名；使用障碍度模型分析了员工制、准员工制、培训 学校、中介制四种类型家政机构人力资源供给质量的关键制约因素；给出了不同类型家政机构人力资源供给质量改善的针对性建议，为家政服务人力资源供给质量的改善提供参考依据。（3）进行了基于博弈论的多主体参与下的家政企业诚信研究。构建了家政企业、家政服务人员和消费者之间的两两博弈模型和三方博弈模型，以及政府、家政企业和消费者的两两博弈模型和三方博弈模型。并基于多主体参与的博弈得出主要结论，提出了相应的建议及优化措施。（4）对家政服务业职业教育质量及家政专业人才培养进行分析研究：其一，构建了以"职业核心能力培养"为基础的课程体系，对以市场为导向的高职院校家政专业发展进行探讨。其二，进行了职业负面效应下高校家政专业学生入学意愿解释变量与对策研究。提出学生对高校家政专业的报考意愿与工作环境、社会保障机制、就业前景、组织认同感和职业归属感等有着不同层次的显著正向作用。根据调查研究结果，对各维度假设研究的解释变量进行深度成因分析，提出有助于提高我国高校家政专业生源供给率的有效对策建议。其三，进行了家政素质教育对提升大学生家庭治理能力的实践路径的研究。其四，进行了大国工匠精神对本科院校技能型人才培养的价值导向的研究，提出了大国工匠精神对高校技能型人才培养价值导向的实现保障。家政服务业的发展质量最根本的支撑点是专业人才培养，京津冀家政服务业的协同配置更需要高质量的家政技能人才，本项目有关这方面的研究，为京津冀家政服务业的配置优化提供理论指导和决策参考。