Polysaccharide research is becoming one of the hotspots and difficulties in current life science research. Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide, a highly purified, β-glucan isolated from Ganoderma atrum, has been reported to exert anti-tumor effect via the enhancement of host immunity. However, little is known about the potential mechanisms for the antitumor immune responses of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide. A recent discovery, the β-glucan receptor Dectin-1 provides new insights into the immune responses of β-glucans. And the characterization of Dectin-1, in particular, plays a positive role in promoting the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor effect of β-glucans. The aim of this study is to investigate whether β-glucan of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide is recognized by Dectin-1, and further examine immune mechanisms of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide-induced anti-tumor effect. In the present study, the Dectin-1 inhibitor is thus used to evaluate the effect of Dectin-1 on the immunomodulation and anti-tumor effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide in the overall level, level of organs and cell level. Modern molecular biotechnologies are further used to investigate the immune mechanisms for the anti-tumor effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide involved in the regulation of Dectin-1, elucidating the antitumor mechanisms of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide. Taken together, this study can provide a theoretical basis for tumor prevention/treatment and nutrition intervention. Meanwhile, it has a positive significance on further development and application of Ganoderma atrum. Additionally, it provides a new sight for the research related to the similar structure of dietary bioactive compounds.
多糖研究是当今生命科学领域研究热点与难点。本项目组已从黑灵芝中纯化出一种β-葡聚糖结构特征的多糖;进一步证实该多糖能通过增强宿主免疫功能发挥抗肿瘤作用,但其抗肿瘤免疫机理目前尚不清楚。最新发现的β-葡聚糖受体Dectin-1对β-葡聚糖的免疫识别为研究免疫反应开辟了全新领域,已成为新的设计靶点,并将推动以β-葡聚糖为基础的抗肿瘤作用研究。为了阐明Dectin-1能否识别黑灵芝多糖的β-葡聚糖结构,介导黑灵芝多糖增强宿主免疫功能的抗肿瘤作用。本研究拟从整体、离体、细胞水平,应用Dectin-1抑制剂系统研究Dectin-1对黑灵芝多糖免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用的影响;进一步综合应用现代分子生物学技术研究Dectin-1的黑灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用的免疫机理,深入探讨黑灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用机制。本研究可为肿瘤营养干预与防治及对黑灵芝的深入开发应用提供理论依据,也可为类似结构食源性组分研究拓展思路。
黑灵芝是一种对人体健康具有重要作用的天然食材。本团队前期已纯化出黑灵芝多糖并解析了一级结构,证实该多糖能调控巨噬细胞功能,发挥较好的免疫调节活性,但其具体机制不明。最新发现的β-葡聚糖受体Dectin-1对β-葡聚糖的免疫识别为研究免疫反应开辟了全新领域,已成为新的设计靶点,并将推动以β-葡聚糖为基础的抗肿瘤作用研究。本项目主要研究内容,阐明Dectin-1能否识别黑灵芝多糖的β-葡聚糖结构,介导黑灵芝多糖增强宿主免疫功能的抗肿瘤作用。研究发现发现PSG-1刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,可上调细胞表面Decin-1的表达, 与PSG-1单独刺激组相比,Decin-1抑制剂预先处理能明显抑制PSG-1增强的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能以及诱导细胞因子的分泌,首次发现并证实了Dectin-1介导了PSG-1的免疫调节作用。在S-180荷瘤小鼠模型中,给予PSG-1处理后分离小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,PSG-1对肿瘤模型中腹腔巨噬细胞中下调的Decin-1存在一定的上调作用。这一功能伴随着PSG-1的增强宿主免疫功能和抗肿瘤作用。首次结合黑灵芝多糖的结构特征,以Dectin-1为切入点,系统的研究了黑灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用的免疫机理,发现Dectin-1能识别黑灵芝多糖的β-葡聚糖结构,介导了黑灵芝多糖的肿瘤免疫调节作用。通过Dectin-1相关的PSG-1增强宿主免疫功能的抗肿瘤免疫机理研究,发现Dectin-1识别β-葡聚糖,与β-葡聚糖结合后其胞浆内ITAM激活脾酪氨酸激酶(Syk),Syk促进天冬氨酸特异性的半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶-9(CARD9)结构域发生变化,进而调节与CARD9结合的IκB激酶(IKK)磷酸酶激活复合体,通过IKK降解IκB,释放NF-κB,激活巨噬细胞,启动巨噬细胞的吞噬作用、活性氧(ROS)的产生及细胞因子的合成释放等,以增强宿主免疫功能,发挥抗肿瘤作用。本研究结合黑灵芝多糖的结构特征,以Dectin-1为切入点,系统的研究了黑灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用的免疫机理,为解决“多糖在体内的肿瘤免疫作用机制,这一科学问题提供了很好的探索方法,可为其他类似结构食源性组分的作用机制研究拓展思路。研究成果不仅可以为从食品分子营养学角度研究肿瘤的分子机制提供理论依据,也可为通过分子营养学手段营养干预或防治肿瘤提供理论依据和参考,为食品营养学研究提供新的研究思路和方法学模型。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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