骆驼刺青贮中优势乳酸菌、胶红酵母及其相互作用对多浪羊瘤胃细菌多样性的影响

The objective of the study is to judge the feed microbial safety and provide the basis for the development and utilization of microbial feed resource.Feed safety impact Stability of bacterial communities in rumen,and the latter affect ruminant health. These lactic acid bacteria and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa being used for animal experiments in this project can significantly improve the quality of alfalfa silage.And the results have been confirmed during our preliminary work. The Project will be done by adding lactic acid bacteria or R. mucilaginosa or their mixed microorganisms in feed to feed duolang sheep,then gets the rumen fluid of these sheep to Analysis the change of 16SrDNA sequences of the rumen bacterial with unculture bacteria ,DGGE and real-time PCR technology.Find out the difference of rumen bacterial diversity & number of main fiber-degrading bacteria with seasonal and feeds variation.Then,infer the effect of mainly lactic acid bacteria,or R. mucilaginosa or their mixed microorganisms on rumen bacteria.Judging the rumen microorganisms whether adapt to feed microbial and the latter security.

饲料安全影响瘤胃菌群的稳定，从而影响反刍动物的健康。本项目是从我们前期工作获得，并证明具有显著改善苜蓿青贮品质的微生物基础上，进行的动物性实验，通过采用免培养的16SrDNA序列分析、DGGE技术和real-time PCR技术，了解不同季节舍饲条件下多浪羊瘤胃细菌多样性变化规律；再通过饲喂添加来自骆驼刺青贮中的微生物及其微生物组合的饲料，分析多浪羊瘤胃细菌的结构和主要纤维降解菌数量的变化，推断骆驼刺青贮中优势乳酸菌、胶红酵母及其相互作用对多浪羊瘤胃微生物的影响，明确瘤胃主要微生物对骆驼刺青贮中优势乳酸菌和胶红酵母的反应，确定瘤胃微生物对饲料微生物是否具有适应性，达到判断饲料微生物的安全性目的，为开发利用微生物饲料资源提供依据。

本研究采用免培养的16SrDNA序列分析、DGGE技术和real-time PCR技术，分析多浪羊瘤胃细菌多样性随季节变化动态表明，不同季节，多浪羊采食牧草种类不同，瘤胃细菌的数量和细菌多样性存在着差异，夏季采食青绿饲料的瘤胃微生物数量较多。通过饲喂添加来自骆驼刺青贮中的优势乳酸菌、胶红酵母及其组合，测定其对多浪羊瘤胃微生物多样性、瘤胃发酵参数、血常规和血液生化指标的影响，结果发现，枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和胶红酵母对多浪羊瘤胃发酵参数影响较少，对血常规,血液血糖，尿素、尿酸、肌酐，谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰转氨酶含量，血液白蛋白和球蛋白及白球比，总胆红素和间接胆红素均无显著性影响；对血液肌酐和直接胆红素有一定影响，但其值在正常范围内；对瘤胃细菌多样性无显著性影响，但对个别种类细菌数量有影响。发表学术论文7篇，培养本科毕业生13名，硕士研究生2名。