遗传变异在回族胃癌发生发展及预后中的作用及其分子机制

Ningxia has a high incidence of gastric cancer in China and the incidence of the Hui population is higher than that in Han population. According to a pre-screening research, five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): PSCA rs2294008, PLCE1 rs2274223, TOX3 rs3803662, p53 rs1042522 and p21 rs2395655 were found to be closely related to gastric cancer susceptibility and lymph node metastasis in Hui population. Since Hui population is different from Han in ethnic origin, religion belief and lifestyle, two populations are likely to havea different environmental and genetic risk factors for gastric cancer. Accordingly, we propose hypotheses : 1 ) Five genetic variations are relevant to Hui gastric cancer development and prognosis ; 2 ) Islamic customs such as fasting will accelerate the process of gastric malignancy . We intend to conduct the following study : 1 ) to explore the impact of five SNPS on the progress and prognosis of Hui gastric cancer ; 2 ) to explore the impact of the environmental risk factors on the progress and prognosis of Hui gastric cancer; 3 ) To carry out the functional investigation of five SNPS. We aim to find effective molecular markers for the final individualized treatment and prognosis of Hui gastric cancer through the systematic research of several genetic variations in various stages of gastric pathology.

宁夏是我国胃癌高发区，而且回族人群发病率高于汉族。根据课题组前期筛查到5个与回族胃癌易感及淋巴转移密切相关的单核苷酸多态性位点（SNPs）：PSCArs2294008、PLCE1rs2274223、TOX3rs3803662、p53rs1042522 和p21rs2395655；同时根据回族的民族来源、宗教信仰和生活饮食习惯不同于汉族，其胃癌的环境与遗传变异危险因素很可能不同于汉族，我们提出假说:1)5个SNPs与回族胃癌发生发展和预后相关;2)伊斯兰教习俗封斋等会加速胃癌恶变进程。本研究拟开展：1）探究5个SNPS对回族胃癌进展及预后的影响； 2）探究影响回族胃癌进展及预后的环境危险因素；3）深入研究5个SNPS的生物学功能，旨在通过在胃癌变的各个病理阶段较为系统的研究，明确可用于预测回族胃癌进展、转移和预后的分子标记物，为最终临床回族胃癌的个体化治疗及预后判断提供客观科学的研究依据。

胃癌是我国最常见的恶性消化道肿瘤。它的发病率和死亡率有明显的地域差异。宁夏回族自治区是我国胃癌发病率较高的地区。我们针对宁夏回汉族胃癌，从流行病学调查到分子遗传学水平病因的探究开展了大量的工作，研究结果显示：宁夏回汉族胃癌患者十年间皆呈上升趋势。两民族遗传背景存在差异。虽然回汉族胃癌患者在年龄、性别、绝大多数临床病理特征及预后等因素方面均无明显差异，但是两民族间预后生存存在差异。多个位点都与宁夏地区胃癌人群易感及预后相关。