离子液体支撑液膜强化碳酸酯醇解反应-分离耦合过程研究

Alcoholysis reaction is an important chemical reaction, which has been widely used in industrial production. Aiming at the disadvantages of current alcoholysis technology such as complicated process and high energy consumption, combined with the unique characteristics of ionic liquids, such as structure controllable and property adjustable, the investigation on the supported ionic liquid membrane (SILM) applied to dimethyl carbonate in alcoholysis reaction with cyclic carbonate is carried out. 2-3 kinds of novel SILM are designed and developed. By means of online observation and spectral analysis and other methods, the effect laws of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic character, spatial structure of the cation and anion, and supporting membrane structure on the preparation, stability and selectivity of SILM are obtained. Based on the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics, the new SILM system is constructed, the synergistic catalytic mechanism is clarified, and the mechanism of SILM in strengthening the reaction and separation coupling process is revealed. The above research aims to provide theoretical support for applying SILM in alcoholysis reactions.

醇解反应是化工中一个重要的反应，在工业生产中有着广泛的应用。针对现有醇解反应工艺流程复杂、能耗高等问题，结合离子液体结构可控、性质可调等特点，本项目拟开展离子液体支撑液膜应用于环状碳酸酯醇解制备碳酸二甲酯的反应-分离过程研究：设计并开发2-3类新型离子液体支撑液膜，采用在线观察及光谱分析等多种手段，获取离子液体亲疏水性、阴阳离子空间结构、支撑膜结构等对液膜制备、液膜稳定性及选择性的影响规律；基于反应动力学、热力学数据，构建离子液体支撑液膜反应-分离新体系，解析离子液体正负协同微观催化机理，阐明支撑液膜对醇解反应-分离及其耦合过程的强化机制与作用，为离子液体支撑液膜应用于醇解反应的研究与开发提供理论支持。

针对碳酸酯醇解反应-分离过程中存在的反应转化率低、分离困难、能耗高的问题，开发了离子液体支撑液膜强化碳酸酯反应-分离耦合技术。本项目结合分子模拟和实验，获得了离子液体与体系中相关组分的相互作用，设计并合成了兼具催化和分离性能的多功能离子液体和离子液体支撑液膜，探究了其结构对碳酸酯醇解反应性能的影响，系统研究了离子液体催化醇解反应机理和分离共沸体系机理，并构建了离子液体支撑液膜系统用于强化醇解反应-分离耦合过程。项目取得的成果对离子液体催化、共沸物分离以及反应-分离一体化的工艺过程提供了重要的方法和参考，并为后续离子液体支撑液膜强化醇解反应-分离的工业化应用奠定了基础。