MXene相Ti3C2光驱动无酶自供能适配体传感器的设计与微囊藻毒素-LR检测应用研究

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) contamination from cyanobacteria bloom poses a serious threat to the health of the human being and puts forward higher requirements for the portability of instruments of rapid field detection technique. Therefore, it has become an urgent and important issue for the development of sensitive, accurate and portable detection techniques. Considering the advantages of light-driven non-enzymatic self-powered sensors, such as simple configuration, flexible operation, low cost and easy for portability, the project is aimed at the control and preparation of a series of MXene phase Ti3C2 based semiconductor nanocomposites with high photoelectric conversion efficiency as photoanode and photocathode nanomaterials, and further combined with the photo-assisted fuel cell (PFC) technique, constructing light-driven non-enzymatic self-powered platforms, clarifying the screening rule of Ti3C2 based semiconductor nanomaterials as photoelectrodes, and the mechanism of Ti3C2 enhancing PFC performance; further via coupling with aptamer as recognition elements, exploring the molecular recognition and sensing mechanism of MC-LR with sensing interface, finally establishing light-driven non-enzymatic self-powered sensors for the detection of the MC-LR. The implementation of this project is of great scientific significance for developing the fundamental and application research of MXene phase Ti3C2 based functional nanocomposites and portable microcystin detection instruments.

蓝藻水华带来的微囊藻毒素-LR（MC-LR）污染问题，给人类健康构成了严重的威胁，对现场快速检测仪器的便携性提出了更高的要求。因此，发展灵敏、准确、便携的传感技术用于MC-LR的监控已成为迫在眉睫的重要研究课题。鉴于光驱动无酶自供能传感器配置简单、操作灵活、成本低和易于便携化等独特优势，本项目拟从调控制备一系列具有高的光电转换效率的MXene相Ti3C2基半导体复合材料作为光阳极和光阴极材料入手，结合光助燃料电池（PFC）技术，构筑光驱动无酶自供能平台，明确Ti3C2基半导体纳米材料作为光电极的筛选规律，阐明Ti3C2增强PFC性能的机理；进一步通过与适配体识别元件的耦合，探究MC-LR分子与传感界面的识别和传感机制，最终建立可用于MC-LR的光驱动无酶自供能适配体传感方法。本项目的实施，为拓展MXene相Ti3C2基功能复合材料的基础与应用研究和开发便携式微囊藻毒素检测仪器提供科学依据。

开发灵敏、准确、易于实现现场检测的新方法用于水体环境中微囊藻毒素-LR的监测研究极具现实意义。针对现有微囊藻毒素-LR检测方法灵敏度低、选择性差及现场检测成本高等问题，本项目耦合光催化燃料电池技术的环保高效能和多功能性，设计和制备了具有高光电化学活性的MXene相碳化钛（Ti3C2）半导体纳米材料作为光电极，通过改善半导体的光电转换效率，进而提高所构筑自供能平台的能量输出密度；进一步充分利用光电化学技术的高灵敏度与适配体传感方法的低成本与高选择性，研制了可用于微囊藻毒素-LR高性能检测的光驱动自供能适配体传感器，主要工作内容包括研制了一种基于Ti3C2/Bi2S3光阳极和CuO光阴极的双光电极自供能的光电压型微囊藻毒素传感器，应用于微囊藻毒素-LR的高灵敏和高选择性检测；耦合S-Ti3C2 MXene/MoS2光阴极和S-Ti3C2 MXene/TiO2光阳极构建高性能的自供能光电化学微囊藻毒素-RR传感器，将光驱动自供能传感器拓展应用于检测新的微囊藻毒素亚型；分别以TiO2和氮杂石墨烯-溴化氧铋纳米材料作为光阳极和光阴极基底材料，构建了一种双光电极光驱动自供能传感平台，并成功应用于微囊藻毒素含量的检测研究。制备的传感器选择性、重现性和稳定性良好，且在实际样分析中表现出令人满意的效果。本项目的实施，为拓展MXene相Ti3C2基功能复合材料的基础与应用研究和开发便携式微囊藻毒素检测仪器提供科学依据。