林权改革后森林生态系统服务演变及农户林地经营行为对其影响研究

Forest tenure reform has great significance to forest resources management of our country, and forest management of farmers has important influence on forest ecosystem services. Many use questionnaire survey and statistical analysis method, however, few combining with forest ecosystem monitoring and quantitative evaluation in previous studies. Closely linked to forest tenure reform and the evaluation of ecosystem services, based on questionnaire survey, field observation and remote sensing method, this work studied forest management and its impact on forest resource dynamic after forest tenure reform in typical watershed of Liuxihe River. The study will assesses ecosystem services in different forest types, and quantifies associations between ecosystem services, such as timber and fruit production, carbon sequestration, water conservation, soil retention, and biodiversity conservation. We’ll clarify spatiotemporal change of forest ecosystem services after forest tenure reform, and reveal the effect of forest management on forest ecosystem services. The results can help to analyze trade-off between ecosystem service supply and social demand, and provide scientific basis for the establishment of forest tenure reform policies.

林权改革对我国森林资源管理有重大意义，农户林地经营行为对森林生态系统服务有重要影响，但已有研究多采用问卷调查和统计分析方法，结合森林生态系统监测和定量评估的研究较少。本研究紧扣林权改革与生态系统服务评估前沿，采用问卷调查、野外观测和遥感解译等手段，以林权改革的重点地区流溪河流域为例，分析林权改革后农户林地经营行为变化及其造成的森林分布和树种变化，评估不同森林类型的生态系统服务差异，研究产品供给、固碳、水源涵养、土壤保持和生物多样性保护五种生态系统服务的消长关系，阐明林权改革后森林生态系统服务的时空演变特征，揭示农户林地经营行为对森林生态系统服务的影响，有助于生态系统服务供给与需求的权衡，可以为制定林权改革配套政策提供科学依据。

本研究选取林权改革的重点地区流溪河流域，采用问卷调查、野外观测和遥感解译等手段，分析林权改革后农户林地经营行为变化及其造成的森林资源变化，研究林权改革后流域森林生态系统服务演变特征及其驱动因素，评估不同森林类型的生态系统服务差异。研究发现，林权改革对流溪河流域农户林地经营行为影响较小，农户种植树种变化不大。2010-2018年，由于向建设用地、农田等转变，流域森林面积减少，森林固碳、水源供给、土壤保持和生物多样性维持等生态系统服务降低，林业产业发展、城市化、生态保护等多种因素影响森林及其生态系统服务。常绿阔叶林、毛竹和沙糖桔的生物多样性维持、水源涵养、固碳、营养物质维持等生态系统服务存在明显差异。项目成果可以为森林保护和林权改革配套政策制定提供科学依据。