Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. The pathogenesis of PCOS remains unknown. Accumulating data strongly implicate epigenetic factors, especially DNA methylation, as critical to the development of PCOS. .During our previous study, we found that the PCOS DNA samples differed from controls on the basis of DNA methylation, and these differences could be exploited to identify specific genes (for example, AMH, AMHR2, and CYP19A1) dysregulated in the disease..AMH and its receptor AMHR2 play an important role in regulating both the primordial follicle recruitment and the cyclic-selection of antral follicles. CYP19A1 encodes aromatase, a key steroidogenic enzyme that catalyzes the final step of estrogen biosynthesis. Thus, we presume that these aberrantly methylated genes may be biomarkers for PCOS and therefore of clinical utility..To prove this hypothesis, we use MassARRAY quantitative methylation analysis, molecular biologic technology, DNA sequencing and histochemical technology, observing the methylation levels of each CpG site or cluster in the promoters of AMH, AMHR2, and CYP19A1, and the RNA add protein expression of these genes in the granulosa cells (GCs) of PCOS patient and control. We further examined the 5’-aza-2’deoxycytidine (Aza) inducing target DNA demethylation, and AMH, AMHR2, and CYP19A1 knockdown and overexpression experiments..By this study, we hope to reveal the epigenetic alterations specifically occurring in PCOS and provide novel molecular insights into the pathophysiology of PCOS as well as therapeutic options for prevention and treatment.
多囊卵巢综合征是一种最常见的育龄女性内分泌疾病,发病机制至今仍不明确。越来越多的研究表明,DNA甲基化与PCOS发病相关。前期研究我们发现PCOS基因组中在存在明显的甲基化改变,并筛选出了PCOS相关的甲基化候选基因AMH、AMHR2和CYP19A1。AMH与AMHR2结合,能调节卵泡的生长发育,而CYP19A1编码雄激素向雌激素转化的限速酶。因此,我们推测AMH、AMHR2和CYP19A1的甲基化在PCOS卵泡发育障碍和高雄激素血症的发生中发挥重要的作用。.为证明这种假说,本课题应用MassARRAY技术检测AMH、AMHR2和CYP19A1的甲基化,再通过5-Aza去甲基化,结合目标基因的干扰和过表达实验,探讨甲基化对PCOS高雄激素血症和卵泡发育障碍的影响。本研究将从表观遗传学的角度,进一步解释PCOS发生发展的分子机制,为寻求有效的PCOS防治方法提供新的理论依据和新的靶点。
背景:多囊卵巢综合征是青春期女孩和育龄妇女最常见的内分泌疾病,其主要病理生理变化有高雄激素血症、慢性无排卵、卵巢多囊性增大和继发于胰岛素抵抗的高胰岛素血症。虽然PCOS已成为当前的研究热点之一,但其发病机制仍不清楚。前期研究我们发现PCOS基因组中在存在明显的甲基化改变,并筛选出了PCOS相关的甲基化候选基因AMH、AMHR2和CYP19A1。AMH与AMHR2结合,能调节卵泡的生长发育,而CYP19A1编码雄激素向雌激素转化的限速酶。因此,我们推测AMH、AMHR2和CYP19A1的甲基化在PCOS卵泡发育障碍和高雄激素血症的发生中发挥重要的作用。.方法:收集体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)过程中剩余的颗粒细胞60例,其中包括PCOS患者的颗粒细胞30例和正常的颗粒细胞30例。对照组按照年龄(±3岁)及体重指数(±3kg/m2)与PCOS组进行1:1匹配。采集实验对象的临床资料,行IVF前于卵泡期抽取静脉血测定基础激素指标(FSH、LH、E2、T、PRL)。于注射hCG采卵日收集患者的卵泡液,ELISA法检测卵泡液中E2、A、AMH水平。采用MassARRAY技术检测AMH、AMHR2和CYP19A1的甲基化,同时采用Real-time RT PCR和Western Blot技术检测这些基因的mRNA及蛋白质表达水平,采用Pearson correlation法计算这些基因的甲基化与表达的相关性。.结果:1)PCOS患者基础水平的LH、T、LH/FSH明显高于对照组, E2/T明显低于对照组。PCOS患者的卵泡液中A、AMH明显高于正常,E2/T明显低于正常。.2)PCOS患者颗粒细胞中CYP19A1基因的甲基化水平高于正常,AMH基因的甲基化水平低于正常,差异具有统计学意义。.3)PCOS颗粒细胞中CYP19A1基因的表达水平低于正常、AMH和AMHR2基因的表达水平高于正常,这些基因的表达水平与其启动子的甲基化水平呈负相关。CYP19A1与AMH和AMHR2 的mRNA表达呈负相关。.结论:1)PCOS的患者颗粒细胞存在CYP19A1、AMH和AMHR2基因的甲基化改变,且这种改变与其对应分子的表达变化相关。2)CYP19A1甲基化水平与卵泡液E2/A比值相关,提示CYP19A1基因的甲基化抑制了芳香化酶的活性,使卵巢局部雄激素合成增多。这些结果表明CYP1
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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