云南4种独有民族膳食FA、Visfatin、A-FABP水平和PPARγ2基因Pro12Ala、C161→T多态性与慢性病关系研究

In recent years, chronic disease has become the mian causes that endanger the health and lives of the people. The correlation between dietary fatty acids, adipocytokines and gene polymorphism and chronic disease has become the central issue. But the results about the correlation between pparγ2 polymorphism and chronic disease are controversial. So it is necessary to carry out large sample research in different areas and ethnic groups. Our previous study indicated that the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dylipidemia is obviously higher in pumi and dai adults than that of national 2002 fouth nutrition examination survery. Basing on their previous studies, the researchers will be from nutritional and genetic perspective to carry out the study. Yunnan unique ethnic groups (Wa, Naxi, Hani, Blang) will be chosen as the study population, and molecular epidemiology will be used to explore the correlations: 1) between dietary fatty acids intake and composition and chronic disease such as, hypertension, diabetes , dylipidemia and obesity ; 2) between cytokinesis Visfatin, A-FABP and the chronic disease ; 3)between pparγ2,pro12ala and c161→t polymorphism and the chronic disease. The significance of the study is going to thoroughly reveal the correlation and difference between the dietary fatty acids intake of ethnic group , adipocytokines and gene polymorphism and chronic disease, and provide the new marker for the early prevention and clinical diagnosis of chonic disease.

近年来，慢性病已经成为危害人民健康与生命的重大疾病。膳食脂肪酸（FA）、脂肪细胞因子及基因多态性与人群慢性病关系的研究已成为热点。但国内外有关PPARγ2基因多态性与慢性病关系的结论存在差异，在不同地域和种族人群中，进行大样本研究很有必要。本实验室前期研究发现，普米族和傣族18岁以上居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖患病率明显高于全国第四次营养调查水平。本项目拟在前期研究基础上，选择云南独有民族佤族、纳西族、哈尼族、布朗族为研究对象，采用营养流行病学调查和实验室检测相结合的方法，从营养和基因水平的角度研究4种独有民族膳食FA摄入和构成、A-FABP和Visfatin水平及PPARγ2基因Pro12Ala、C161→T多态性与慢性病各指标的相关性。该项目的突出意义旨在深入揭示少数民族膳食FA摄入、脂肪细胞因子水平及基因多态性与慢性病关系及差异，为慢性病的早期预防及临床诊断提供新的靶点。

膳食脂肪酸（FA）、脂肪细胞因子及基因多态性对慢性病发生发展有重要影响。本课题现场调查和实验室研究相结合，获得：1.云南4种独有少数民族佤族、布朗族、纳西族、哈尼族膳食营养状况及混合膳食FA摄入数据及健康影响因素；2.慢性病患病数据；3.血清A-FABP、Visfatin水平与慢性病指标关系数据；4.PPARγ2基因Pro12Ala、C161→T多态性数据及与主要慢性病关系数据。揭示少数民族膳食FA摄入、脂肪细胞因子及基因多态性与慢性病关系，为慢性病的早期预防及临床诊断提供新的靶点。调查佤族487人，布朗族458人，哈尼族487人，纳西族473人。高血压患病率佤族26.5％，布朗族21.0%，哈尼族19.7%，纳西族31.1%。4个民族血脂异常主要为高TG血症, 患病率佤族39.4%,布朗族33.9%,哈尼族43.5%，纳西族63.2%。糖尿病患病率佤族8.0%，布朗族5.7%，哈尼族3.5%，纳西族1.5%。超重率和肥胖率佤族20.3%和7.2%，布朗族22.7%和5.9%，哈尼族22.2%和4.5%，纳西族29.4%和17.3%。4个民族均存在膳食结构不合理，动物性食物偏多，植物性食物不足；营养摄入不均衡，维生素和矿物质大多摄入不足，脂肪供能比偏高；除哈尼族外，能量摄入均过高。营养问题从营养缺乏为主转变为营养缺乏和营养过剩。膳食及脂肪酸是佤族、布朗族和纳西族NCD的影响因素。PPARγ2 基因C161-T、Pro12Ala 多态性可能不是佤族布朗族哈尼族居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常发病的遗传学因素。PPARγ2基因Pro12Ala 多态性可能与布朗族居民腹型肥胖有关。visfatin、A-FABP与佤族居民的糖、脂代谢有关，与血脂异常、肥胖、高血压等传统NCD的发生发展存在关联。本研究对云南4种特有少数民族开展营养与健康综合性调查，将营养、高血压、糖尿病等专项调查整合，留取混合膳食样本检测FA摄入量，探讨云南4种独有少数民族混合FA摄入、脂肪细胞因子A-FABP、Visfatin表达和PPARγ2基因Pro12Ala、C161→T多态性与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖等慢性病的关系，相关研究国内外未见报道。利用该课题培养9名硕士研究生，8人已获学位；晋升教授、副教授各1人；7篇论文参加国际学术交流；发表论文4篇， SCI收录1篇。