表面等离激元微腔实现及光与受限体系的强耦合效应

In this project, we will focus on the implementations of the surface plasmon (SP) micro/nano-cavities and the strong coupling between light and quantum confined systems. We will theoretically and experimentally study the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the confined systems under the enhanced and localized electric or magnetic fields as well as the classical and quantum optical effects arising from the excitations of the SP modes. We propose the following four main research contents: 1) Study the SP excitation properties and the tunability of the enhanced electric fields in metallic micro/nano-structures and optical antenna arrays; 2) Design and prepare SP micro/nano-cavities with high quality factors; 3) Compensate the intrinsic ohmic loss and amplify the SP by incorporating gain materials, such as quantum dots and fluorescence dye molecules into the metallic micro/nano-structures; 4) Study the strong interactions between light and single quantum dot, single fluorescence dye molecule, and graphene, under the localized and enhanced fields, and the resultant quantum effects as well. Based on our already established materials preparation method with accurate control, we will explore the relationship between the nano/micro-structures and the performance of the multifunctional nanomaterials with the presence of the enhanced and localized fields, and provide new principles and methods that play a key role in developing the single photon source.

本项目拟围绕表面等离激元微腔实现及光与受限体系的强耦合效应，以实验和理论相结合的方式，研究受限体系在局域电场、磁场增强下的行为与特征，以及借助等离激元激发而产生线性与非线性、经典与量子光学效应。我们提出以下几方面的研究内容：1）金属微纳结构及其构成的光学天线阵列中SP激发与局域电场增强的调控特性；2）高品质因子SP微腔的设计与制备；3）增益介质协助下SP的损耗补偿与放大效应；4）局域场增强引起的光与分子、量子点、石墨烯等的强相互作用产生的光学非线性效应和量子效应。我们将借助我们在纳米材料的制备与精确控制方面的基础，研究多功能纳米材料在SP局域电场增强下的性能与结构之间的关系，为解决单光子源制备过程中的关键科学与技术问题提供新的思路和新方法，力争研究水平居国际前沿，取得具有国际影响力的研究成果。

在项目的资助下，我们取得了以下几方面的研究进展：1）揭示了金属微纳结构中等离激元模式之间的近场相互作用产生的Fano共振现象的物理机制，发展了微纳结构中局域电场增强的新原理、新方法；2）研制了具有高品质因子和窄线宽的表面等离激元微腔，发展在等离激元微腔中引入纳米发光体的精确操控工艺方法；3) 阐明了金属微纳结构构成的光学天线阵列中等离激元模式远场衍射耦合的机理和条件，揭示了耦合效应中局域电场增强的机制，发展了金属微纳结构中荧光增强和定向辐射的新原理、新方法；4）揭示了等离激元微腔与增益介质组合下的光学特性，发展了实现表面等离激元损耗补偿、放大及激射的新方案；5）揭示了局域等离激元参与的光与单纳米发光体强相互作用和量子效应的物理机制，阐明了纳米发光体在表面等离激元微腔中的自发辐射行为和单光子产生的条件，为制备单光子发射源奠定了基础；6）发展了高效、低成本金属微纳结构材料精确制备技术，实现了高品质因子的等离激元微腔和具有荧光增强、拉曼增强效应的光学天线阵列的可控组装。