分享经济模式下航运企业的资源共享与优化配置研究

The shipping companies around the world have been facing increasing pressure to earn more profit and survive in the market, as the global economy and shipping demand still remain sluggish. With the development of information technology and increasing popularity of sharing economy concept, sharing idle resource with partners has become an optimal option for a shipping company to improve its resource utilization and reduce its operation cost. Conventionally, individual shipping company resorts to maximize its profit when sharing resources, which therefore leads to a short-term and inefficient sharing. Therefore, the crucial issue to achieve an effective resource sharing (i.e., long-term and stable sharing readily accepted by both sides of the sharing) is to design coordination mechanisms for the shipping companies. This project aims to address this issue through investigating the resource sharing and speed optimization problem for shipping companies under the concept of Sharing Economy. We will establish for it multiple stage stochastic programming models, which will be solved by the techniques in Combinatorial Optimization and Nonlinear Programming. In addition, we will use the Game Theory, Mechanism Design and other theories in economy to provide coordination mechanisms for resource sharing, which can output a reasonable resource sharing plan as well as a fair profit allocation plan. Based on the newly developed mechanisms, an Internet-based sharing platform will be designed for practice use to achieve a stable resource sharing for shipping companies. This project has greatly responded to the government policies, including prospering maritime economy, developing sharing economy, and the One Belt One Road strategy. This project is believed to advance the maritime operation management, and guide the shipping companies to establish long-term and effective sharing, thus significantly reducing their operation cost and raising their competitiveness.

全球经济下行，航运市场低迷，航运企业面临巨大生存压力。随着互联网技术的成熟和分享经济的发展，建立在资源共享基础上的分享经济是航运企业应对现今市场环境、提高资源利用率、降低成本的明智之选。参与共享的各航运企业往往追求自身利益最大化，导致在缺乏协调机制时相关方合作共赢优势无法充分发挥，因此，如何协调独立决策个体是资源共享维持稳定合作亟待解决的关键问题。本项目旨在解决上述问题，研究分享经济模式下航运企业资源共享与优化配置，构建考虑航速优化、多资源共享的多阶段随机规划合作模型，运用非线性优化、合作博弈、机制设计等理论方法求解并设计合理的激励协调机制，确定公平的利润分配方案，建立基于互联网共享平台，确保资源共享的有效实施及长期稳定。本项目积极响应和实施国家发展海洋经济、发展共享经济及“一带一路”政策，研究成果不仅能丰富和完善海运运营管理理论，还能促进企业实现资源共享，降低运营成本，提高企业竞争力。

全球经济下行，航运市场低迷，航运企业面临巨大生存压力。随着互联网技术的成熟和分享经济的发展，建立在资源共享、信息共享等基础上的分享经济是航运企业应对现今市场环境、提高资源利用率、降低成本的明智之选。本项目从企业管理实践出发，研究了分享经济模式下海运运营管理中企业资源共享与优化等科学问题，构建海运运营管理中企业合作的资源共享和信息共享模型、多模式运输网络设计模型，运用非线性优化、博弈论、机制设计等理论方法求解并设计合理的激励协调机制，确保资源和信息共享的有效实施以及资源的合理配置。此外，本项目的研究成果还发现，港口与承运人间的信息共享不仅能有效地促进航企的可持续投资，还能提升双方的利润。相比航企，港口能从信息共享中获利更多。本项目目前已在Transportation Research Part E、International Journal of Production Economics等国际知名期刊上发表了学术论文，相关研究成果不仅能丰富和完善海运运营管理理论，还能促进企业实现资源共享和信息共享，降低运营成本，提高企业上下游的竞争力。