风雨致特高压紧凑型输电线-塔体系失稳振动特征与风偏闪络规律研究

For the aims of realizing “coal transportation from the sky” and long distance transport of clean energy，to alleviate smog and save transmission corridor, it is necessary to develop Ultra high-voltage (UHV) compact transmission line in our country. The latest research indicates instability vibration occurs with windage yaw flashover on compact transmission line-tower system under certain rain-wind condition, and is closely related to the transmission line or not charged, but the mechanism is unknown. In this paper, we take dynamic characteristics of compact transmission line-tower system encountered with rain-wind condition as the research object, and carry out basic scientific study on instability vibration features and windage yaw flashover rules. The major contents of the paper are as follows: Through theoretical analysis and calculation, to clarify the formation mechanism, geometry and movement rules of rain-line. Study on Gas-Liquid-Solid coupling computational dynamic (CFD) modeling of the transmission line-tower system and its initial boundary conditions. Establish the aeroelastic model of the transmission line-tower system with high-voltage power supply, and then placed it in wind tunnel to carry out "simulated rainfall" experiment. According to the experiment data, we attempt to establish quantitative prediction models of the instability vibration and the windage yaw flashover based on multivariate coupling of wind velocity, rainfall rate, electric field strength and transmission line-tower structures. This study aims to reveal rain-wind induced the mechanism of instability vibration and rules of windage yaw flashover on the High-Voltage compact transmission line-tower system, and to lay a foundation for effectively alleviating instability vibration of the High-Voltage compact transmission line-tower system and developing new High-Voltage compact transmission line which withstand rain-wind loading.

为减轻雾霾、节约输电走廊，实现“煤从空中走”和清洁能源远距离输送，在我国发展特高压紧凑型输电技术尤显迫切。最新研究发现，紧凑型输电线-塔体系在特定的风雨条件下会诱发失稳振动及风偏闪络，且与输电导线带电与否密切相关，但其机理未明。本课题拟以紧凑型输电线-塔体系在风雨场中的动力特性为对象，对其失稳振动特征、风偏闪络规律进行基础性科学研究。具体内容包括：理论分析与计算雨线的形成机理、几何形状及运移规律；研究输电线-塔体系气-液-固多流场的CFD建模及其边界与初始条件；研制输电线-塔结构的气弹模型并施加强电压，将其置于风洞中进行“模拟降雨”风洞试验；依据试验数据，建立基于风速、降雨量、电场强度和杆塔结构等多因素耦合的失稳振动与风偏闪络定量预测模型。本课题旨在揭示紧凑型输电线-塔体系失稳振动机理与风偏闪络规律，为有效控制输电线-塔体系失稳振动和研制新型抗风雨紧凑型输电线-塔结构奠定理论和技术基础。

长期以来，“就地平衡”的煤电发展模式不仅加剧了燃煤运输压力，而且使得大、中城市空气质量持续恶化。为防治雾霾，而“实施跨区域送电”则尤为必要。近年来来，紧凑型输电线-塔体系在特定的风雨条件下会诱发失稳振动及风偏闪络频现，且与输电导线带电与否密切相关，但其形成机制未知。为此，本课题以风雨环境下特高压紧凑型输电线-塔体系气-液-固多耦合流场特性为研究对象，采用CFD数值模拟与实验室“模拟降雨”风洞试验两种手段，研究雨线在输电导线表面的形成、运动规律及气动力特征，风雨环境下特高压紧凑型输电线-塔体系多流场计算流体动力学建模与求解，特高压紧凑型输电线-塔体系失稳振动与风偏闪络的定量表达与预测模型。本项目在一定程度上理清了紧凑型输电线-塔体系在特定的风雨条件下会诱发失稳振动机制，为有效抑制特高压紧凑型输电线-塔体系在风雨场中的失稳振动与风偏闪络，保障“跨区域输电治雾霾” 在气象环境复杂地区的架设奠定理论和技术基础。