传统聚落仪式空间及其当代社区适应性研究--以福建沿海地区为例

This subject is based on "social-spatial process", in the perspective of a large number of field visits as the foundation, from the view of architecture spatial form research, combined with anthropology, sociology and geography theory, and tries putting community structure research as a kind of understanding of the traditional settlements method, and researchs the coastal areas of Fujian traditional settlement and Sphere of Rites type. In this thesis, two key organizations of community, the clan and worship circle were selected for exploring the interaction between social development process and the changes of settlement patterns from a perspective of "social-spatial process". Drawing on the method and theory of anthropology, the paper try to analysis Chinese traditional settlement patterns through field investigation, mapping and documents sorting out. Which gives prominence to the settlement in the process of evolution in subjectivity, and reveals form and community structure settlement between the relationship and interaction of the rule and its dynamic mechanism, so it provides technical support and scientific basis for the deepening of cognitive science of settlement heritage; it sums up the space characterization of ceremony in the traditional settlements, taking the traditional settlements of the Sphere of Rites type into classification and taking pattern language of Sphere of Rites into conclude .At the same time, through taking the modern community planning in the Sphere of Rites the reflection of absence into account, and explores the recycling strategies of the Sphere of Rites in local community reconstruction. These research results is of great theoretical value and practical significance for the continuity of historical and cultural in our country's existing ancient villages and sustainable development.

本课题基于"社会-空间过程"视角，从建筑学空间形态研究的角度，结合人类学、社会学及地理学等理论，尝试把社区结构研究视为一种认识传统聚落的方法，对福建沿海地区传统聚落与仪式空间展开研究。课题拟选取传统社区中的宗族结构与神缘结构等关键性因素作为研究的切入点，突出人在聚落演变过程中的主体性地位，揭示聚落形态与社区结构之间的关联与互动规律及其动力机制，为深化对聚落遗产的科学认知与可持续发展提供技术支持和科学依据；总结仪式行为在传统聚落中的空间表征，对传统聚落中的仪式空间进行类型结构研究，对仪式空间的模式语言加以归纳，建立适应当代日常生活的仪式空间模型，探索仪式空间在传统聚落更新的适应性与可持续策略。研究成果对于我国传统聚落的有机再生及社区可持续发展具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

随着我国城镇化进入快速发展阶段，传统居住模式发生转型，社区传统在现代居住空间中走向迷失。传统聚落蕴含着丰富的社会文化内涵，聚落因持续的演变而体现着发展，并与当代发生关联。如何转换研究视角，把聚落形态与社区结构结合起来考察与研究，探索传统聚落的变迁规律与传承策略，对我国传统聚落的有机再生及社区可持续发展具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。.本课题基于"社会-空间过程"视角，尝试把社区结构研究视为一种认识传统聚落的方法，对福建沿海地区传统聚落及其仪式空间展开研究。主要研究内容包括：福建沿海地区典型传统聚落的测绘与数据采集、无人机航拍技术与数据采集结合研究、福建沿海地区典型传统聚落形态特征及其“社会—空间”过程、从宗族结构与祭祀圈等角度分析传统聚落空间的社会属性，探讨福建沿海地区聚落形态与社区结构的演化与互动、传统聚落仪式空间的类型结构研究、建立“闽台地域建筑与乡土景观数据库”等。.课题研究取得了有突破性的成果，包括：从“社会—空间过程”视角探讨福建沿海地区聚落形态与社区结构的演化与互动；探索仪式空间与日常生活的矛盾运动发展规律及其适应性；按照从形式—类型—新形式的类型学设计过程，解析传统聚落仪式空间的类型与结构特征；在当代社区再造理论框架中，探析仪式空间的历时性变化及其当代适应性问题，为传统聚落的有机更新与可持续发展提供了理论指导和规划策略。.项目组共发表相关学术论文20篇，出版学术专著1部、省级行业标准1项，完成学位论文6篇，正在进行的学位论文4篇；建设特色数据库1个；完成传统村落规划设计1项，完成美丽乡村规划设计1项，正在进行2项；在国内外学术交流会议上作报告5篇。.该课题研究成果弥补了传统聚落研究缺环，延展聚落研究方法，拓展了聚落研究领域；也为正确认识社区传统，实现传统聚落有机再生与社区永续发展提供了理论保障。