基于消费需求的企业环境效率评价与优化方法研究

Aiming at evaluating environmental efficiency, the project first makes an in-depth analysis of the meaning and definition of environmental efficiency. Then, this project studies the relationship between consumer demand and environmental efficiency, the rebound effect and its impact on the environment resulting from increases of consumer demand, environmental efficiency modeling and optimization and other issues. The research utilizes a variety of methodologies to study the impacts of the consumer demand on environmental efficiency. Firstly, it tries to uncover the underlying laws and the functional mechanism; next, this project investigates the consumption rebound effect, and builds decomposition models to identify the consumer impact on the environmental efficiency; finally, it explores the efficiency modeling and optimization technique based on data envelopment analysis, aiming at adjusting the traditional environmental efficiency evaluation models, and then discusses applications of proposed research results. The project is expected to reveal the interaction relationship and feedback mechanism between demand factors and environmental efficiency, set up systemic theories guiding environmental efficiency evaluation, and develop operational strategies to enhance the environmental performance of a production system under the constraints of consumer demand. The project will provide new insights for theoretical research, and support for an improvement of the environmental performance including energy conservation.

本项目以企业环境效率评价为目的，在深入分析环境效率的内涵和定义环境效率概念的基础上，深入研究消费需求与环境效率的关系、由消费需求增加引致的反弹效应及其对环境效率的影响、环境效率建模与优化等问题。课题综合采用多种研究方法进行效率评价研究，首先探讨消费需求对企业环境效率评价的影响,揭示其作用机理和规律；对消费反弹效应加以细分，构建反弹效应分解模型，以明确消费端对企业环境效率的影响程度；探索基于数据包络分析方法的效率建模和优化方法，对传统环境效率评价模型进行修正，进而讨论在考虑消费需求的提前下企业的环境效率优化方法以及理论成果的应用。本项目可望在揭示消费需求与环境效率的交互关系和反馈机理、建立和完善企业环境效率评价理论和方法、探讨消费需求约束下企业绩效改进的运作策略等方面取得一定突破。相关成果为环境绩效评价的理论研究提供新的思路，对企业提高环境效率、促进节能减排具有指导意义。

随着我国城镇化进程的加速和经济的进一步发展，消费水平的提高必然造成资源环境压力的增加，而现有的效率评价研究完全忽略了消费者选择对企业生产计划的影响，无法真正实现资源的有效配置。本课题将消费需求因素引入环境效率评价问题，考虑需求变化对环境效率的影响以及这种作用机制的内在原理，并探索环境效率建模的新方法以及效率优化的新思路。项目组综合运用管理学、运筹学、经济学、数理统计等相关理论，采用文献研究、博弈论、数据包络分析、线性规划、实证分析等定性与定量相结合的研究方法，从理论方法研究和应用研究两个方面，按照计划书中所列内容有序开展研究工作。依托本项目共发表学术论文9篇，其中SCI收录2篇，EI收录1篇，CSSCI收录3篇。研究结果对我国电力、旅游、节能服务等企业，乃至网络零售商、二手商品交易平台等提出了一些指导意见，期望对企业的节能减排贡献一点力量。