NRG-1基因修饰的WJMSCs对臂丛神经根性撕脱伤的神经再生作用

Root avulsion injury is the most serious type of the brachial plexus injury, poor treatment effect is mainly caused by nerve regeneration obstacles after nerve transfer or nerve root replantation. Schwann cells can promote nerve regeneration by providing a scaffold and neurotrophic factors, but the source is limited. The studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into Schwann cells under certain conditions. The transplantation of the differentiated mesenchymal stem cells may promote nerve regeneration. However, the directed differentiation efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells is lower, therefore, improving the directed differentiation efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells may promote nerve regeneration. Literature and pre-experimental reports prompted that NRG-1 gene was the key gene in regulating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into Schwann cell. In this study, Human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells(WJMSCs) are treated as the object of study, RNAi and gene transfection techniques are used to analysed the effect of NRG-1 gene on directed differentiation of WJMSCs into Schwann cells, and to clarify the key signaling molecules in regulating directed differentiation of WJMSCs into Schwann cells, and to explore whether NRG-1 modified WJMSCs transplantation can promote the replanted nerve regeneration after the brachial plexus root avulsion in order to provide a new treatment strategy for brachial plexus root avulsion.

臂丛神经根性撕脱伤是臂丛神经损伤中的最严重类型，目前疗效不佳的原因之一是神经根回植术后回植神经的再生问题。雪旺细胞(SCs)可以为神经再生提供支架和神经营养因子从而促进神经再生，但其来源有限。研究表明间充质干细胞（MSCs）在一定条件下可向SCs分化，移植分化的MSCs可促进神经再生。然而，MSCs定向分化为SCs的效率较低，因此，提高MSCs向SCs定向分化的效率就可能促进神经再生。文献及预实验报道提示NRG-1基因是控制MSCs向SCs分化的关键基因。为此，本研究以脐带来源的间充质干细胞(WJMSCs)为研究对象，拟采用RNAi和基因转染技术，分析NRG-1基因对WJMSCs向SCs定向分化的影响，明确调控NRG-1修饰的WJMSCs向SCs分化的关键信号分子，并探讨NRG-1修饰的WJMSCs移植能否促进臂丛神经根性撕脱伤回植神经的再生，从而为臂丛神经根性撕脱伤提供新的治疗策略。