Previous study indicated that supplement with vitamin C (VC) effectively decreased the occurrence of spontaneous abortion in human, and our previous studies also showed that VC induced placental steroid hormone and polypeptide hormone production in human cytotrophoblasts and choriocarcinoma cells, suggesting that VC possibly plays an important role in pregnant maintenance. However, the roles of VC in trophoblast stem cell (TSC) differentiation, placental development and pregnant maintenance and the underlying mechanism are still unknown. Based on our primer findings that VC induced TSC differentiaiton to labyrinth sinus trophoblast gaint cell and syncitiotrophoblast of layer I, increased the transcription activity and intracellular levels of HAND1, a key transcription factor for differentiation to sinus trophoblast giant cells, and at E14.5 of pregnant ODS rats genetically unable to synthesize VC, VC deficiency led to absorbance of placenta and fetus, we plan to use the in vtro cell culture model and ODS rat models to study the detailed effects and underlying mechanism of VC on TSC differentiation and placental development and pregnant maintenance. This study will provide with the new concept of VC in the physiology of pregnancy, and the rationale of VC supplement in pregnant human being.
早在70年前已有报道维生素C(VC)补充能减少自发性流产,而我们最近的研究表明VC能诱导人胎盘细胞滋养层细胞和绒癌细胞株产生甾体激素和多肽激素,提示其在妊娠维持中可能的重要角色,然而,VC对滋养层干细胞(TSC)分化、胎盘发育以及妊娠维持的效应及分子机制却从未有所研究。我们探索性的研究表明VC诱导小鼠TSC向迷路层窦状巨细胞和合体滋养层I层细胞方向选择性分化,同时VC增加支配窦状巨细胞分化关键转录因子HAND1的转录活性和细胞内水平;而先天性VC自身不能合成的ODS大鼠中E14.5胚胎和胎盘大部分吸收、妊娠维持不能的状况。以上述前期研究为基础,本项目拟利用体外细胞模型、妊娠ODS大鼠进一步探索VC调控TSC细胞选择性分化的分子机制,特别是VC增加细胞内HAND1水平的信号机制,以及VC调控胎盘形成和妊娠维持中的效应和可能的分子机制。通过本项目的研究为妊娠生理和妊娠补充VC提供理论依据。
早在70年前已有文献报道,妊娠妇女若缺乏维生素C(vitamin C,VC)则容易出现自发性流产,而补充Vc能减少自发性流产的发生,但长期以来对VC的妊娠维持作用的了解非常局限。本项目研究表明,VC处理小鼠滋养干细胞(TSC)能诱导其向迷路层窦状巨细胞和合胞体滋养层细胞分化,尤以诱导向迷路层窦状巨细胞分化为明显。同时,VC诱导支配窦状巨细胞分化的转录因子Handl的蛋白水平,这一作用通过VC抑制MAPK激酶JNK实现,因为JNK能直接在Serine48位点直接磷酸化Hand1,导致Hand1的泛素化降解增加。进一步,利用VC缺乏的基因敲除小鼠证实,VC缺乏不仅导致胎盘Hand1的水平极大地减少,而且导致胎盘发育受阻主要表现为胎盘迷路层间质结构增多、空隙增大以及窦状巨细胞呈直线型分布不均,并未出现正常情况下网络状母胎血管交汇分布的现象,其结果直接导致胎鼠的吸收以及正常存活的胎鼠重量明显低于VC补充胎鼠。综上所述,本研究从细胞生物学的角度阐明了VC主要通过抑制JNK信号通路上调Handl转录因子的稳定性,进而诱导TSC选择性分化为迷路层窦状巨细胞,VC功能的缺失导致小鼠胎盘迷路层结构发生紊乱,母-胎鼠血管交汇不足,可能导致胎鼠营养获取不足、体重减轻,甚至妊娠维持失败。通过本项目的研究,为妊娠生理以及可能的妊娠病理提供新的理论和实践依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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