新媒体语境下的地图范式设计与参与式制图方法

Considering the challenges which is brought to cartography by new media, such as the complexity of new cartography object, the expansion size of map data and the diversity of user application requirements, the project puts forward a new idea of rethinking paradigm design for maps and participatory approaches of cartography in the Context of New Media. And for this, the project focuses theory turn of map innovative thinking and transformation of map technical connotation, and defines four mapping paradigms with differentiated symbol system: sketch paradigm, imitation paradigm, visualization paradigm and Panorama paradigm, which adapts to the characteristics of new media communications. It raises three key scientific problems: enhanced fusion between attribute of maps as art and new media Characteristics, diverse expansion cartographic symbol design, and facilitation methods for participatory cartography. Meanwhile it overcomes three key technical problems: construction of cartographic knowledge base, generation of dynamic map symbol, and design paradigm of participatory cartography, and builds mechanism of adaptive personal map space. Based on above ideas, a technical framework for four patterns of online participatory cartography: subscription-based cartography, order-based cartography, customized based cartography and intelligent based cartography, is set up and explained in depth. This project seeks a new theory and methodology support for traditional cartography, inspires innovative thinking of cartography, and devotes to promote new theory and technology update of cartography, which fits into the context of new media.

项目针对目前新媒体语境中面临的地图对象复杂化、空间数据规模化、地图应用需求多样化等挑战，提出重新审视地图范式设计和参与式地图制图方法。为此，研究地图学科创新思维的理论转向和技术内涵转型，从顶层设计适应新媒体传播特征的四类地图范式：sketch paradigm草图范式、仿制范式、视觉范式和全息范式，建立每类范式的符号特征体系，研究地图艺术属性和新媒体特征彼此增强、地图符号设计与表达的多元化扩容、公众参与式制图行为的引导方法等科学问题，突破制图知识库构建、动态地图符号构建和参与式制图模式设计等关键技术，提出打造自适应个人地图空间，基于此构建“订阅式”、“订单式”、“定制式”和“智能式”四种参与式制图技术框架。项目拟建立适应于新媒体环境的地图学理论体系和全新地图制图技术体系，启发创新思维，最终推动地图学科理论发展和技术升级。

本项目利用跨学科视野，针对新媒体驱动下的专题地图所面临的“图形场景拼贴”、“深度意义缺失”、“揭示片面事实”和“应用需求多元化”等问题和挑战，将作为“互联网设计”研究范畴的方法论引入到地图制图学中，把地图制图过程隐喻为地图的“在线制造”过程，本项目提出并构建参与式制图的理论框架和方法体系，突破了制图知识库构建、动态地图符号构建和参与式制图模式设计等关键技术，实现了打造自适应个人地图空间，并基于此完成了“订阅式”、“订单式”、“定制式”和“智能式”四种参与式制图技术框架。.项目为将来建立适应于大数据可视分析环境的智能化地图制图方法打下基础，启发了创新思维，最终推动地图学科理论发展和技术升级。