Rabi和类Rabi模型相关物理问题研究及在量子信息中的应用

Rabi model, the most basic model which is used to describe the interaction between light and atoms, has been widely used in quantum optics and condensed state physics fields. However, so far its exact solutions are not obtained efficiently. With the development of experimental technology, the strong coupling and even super strong coupling between light and atoms are achieved in some physical systems, for example, the superconducting microcavity coupled quantum transmission line system, it is pressing to reexamine the solution of Rabi or Rabi-like model and to investigate the long-time dynamics evolution behavior. This project aims to, by means of theoretical derivation and numerical simulation, study the establishment of quantum master equation about strong coupling Rabi and Rabi-like model and the improvement of generalized rotating wave approximation (GRWA), also investigate the long-time dynamics evolution behavior and the application to quantum information processing including the gain and keep of the stable quantum entanglement or quantum correlation.

Rabi模型是描述光与原子相互作用的最基本模型，在量子光学和凝聚态等物理领域都得到了广泛应用，但是到目前为止其精确解都没有得到很好的解决。随着实验技术的提高，一些领域比如超导微腔和量子传输线之间实现了强耦合甚至超强耦合，迫切需要全新审视Rabi及类Rabi模型的解及长时动力学演化行为。本项目旨在以理论推导和数值模拟作为主要手段，着重探讨强耦合体系Rabi及类Rabi模型量子主方程的建立、广义旋波近似的改进和Rabi模型的长时间演化及其在量子信息中的应用(稳定量子纠缠、量子关联的获得与保持)。

项目严格按照任务书进行，主要研究了多体连续变量高斯系统中普适的无耗散动力学行为、关联的耗散量子信道中的量子态加速、检测光与原子相互作用动力学演化的非马尔科夫性、偏置Dicke模型中的量子临界现象、零差拍频反馈机制下标准散粒噪声极限的超越等涉及光与原子相互作用Rabi及类Rabi模型的求解、性质和在量子信息中的应用。同时，也考察了在模型中引入量子反馈、利用量子弱测量等增强量子关联以及量子纠缠，完成项目既定研究内容之外，还构造了新的不确定关系，基于此提出度量多体量子纠缠的新方法。依托该项目，最终发表包括PRL/PRA在内的SCI论文20篇，此外，项目负责人获得“北京市青年英才计划”，北航“青年拔尖人才计划”。在本项目的支持下，已经有4名硕士毕业，即将有3名博士申请博士论文答辩。