直驱开关磁阻网络波能捕获最优协调机制研究

If multiple linear direct generation units form a coordinated power generation network to realize regional wave energy extraction, the disadvantages inherent from a wave energy conversion unit such as low efficiency, poor power quality and the incapability of energy extraction outside the collection point, etc., can be solved. However, due to the uncertainties of the distribution from the wave energy, the imbalance of the energy storage and action performance from the generation unit and its nonlinear, time-variant, periodic excitation/generation characteristics, the power generation network exhibits asynchronous power output and low power quality features, and it is difficult for smooth main grid connection and synchronization. In addition, these factors eventually lead to the design challenges for the coordination operation of the network. From the above analysis, this project first investigates the power conversion mechanism of the network. Then, behavior identification for the generation units is performed based on the sensed information of the regional wave energy distribution. The key research from this project is to develop a suitable distributed optimal coordination control algorithm for the direct drive power generation network: First, the design interaction between the control term from the network level and the self-feedback control term from the unit is decoupled, based on the generalized passive method; then, through the synchronization domain analysis, the connection between the graph characteristics of the information topology and control gains of the network level can be eliminated. Therefore, the design difficulties of the coordination control law can be alleviated and the information topology and the control gains from the network level can be independently optimized. Finally, the ultimate goal of the optimized regional power conversion can be realized, considering both demand-supply requirements and energy storage conditions. In addition, the voltage precision and current smoothness from the power generation network can be effectively guaranteed and improved for future applications, such as main grid connection and synchronization.

针对波能利用的产业化需求及发电单体效率低、品质差、收集点外能量无法获取的缺陷，提出基于多直驱开关磁阻单元协调发电网络实现区域波能捕获，为波能的有效转化提供新思路。本项目以直驱开关磁阻分布式网络波能转化及提高电能质量为核心，围绕网络波能捕获机理和电压、电流协调控制两个关键问题展开研究。首先研究单元对发电网络影响因素及共波浪能流单元捕获关联特性，揭示发电网络波能转化规律；其次结合区域波能分布感知信息，辨识网络单元行为，探索直驱发电网络协调关系机理；重点研究发电网络分布式最优协调控制新方法。通过广义无源理论及同步域分析，揭示单元自反馈与网络层控制项内在联系，探索信息拓扑的图特性与网络层控制增益的耦合本质，实现信息拓扑与网络层控制独立优化。最终使发电网络根据供需平衡和储能情况等约束下实现网络最优波能捕获，同时网络电压控制精度及电流平滑性得到有效改善,为分布式波能捕获网络的技术创新提供基础理论支撑。

本项目针对波能利用中发电单体效率低、品质差、收集点外能量无法获取的缺陷，提出基于波能区域捕获的概念，研究以多直驱开关磁阻为发电单元的波能协调发电网络，实现区域波能协调捕获的目标。具体开展了以下几个方面的研究：基于直驱开关磁阻发电单元的网络行为；基于发电单元的波能流分布特征的感知和预测；基于直驱开关磁阻发电单元网络的分布式协调控制方法等。.项目首先针对自主研发的不对称双边直线开关磁阻电机（ABLSRG），建立了ABLSRG的数学模型，有限元仿真验证电磁结构的有效性，结合数学模型分析了ABLSRG能量转换过程，并实现ABLSRG单元发电系统的组建和发电机理的分析；开展单元电压发电跟踪实验，分析变控制参数、负载、速度情况下ABLSRG单元发电系统稳定性测试；硬件部分包括：功率变换器的设计与调试、电磁阀控制电路设计与调试、波浪运动模拟装置的搭建、供电模块设计等；软件部分包括：发电系统控制算法设计、分析不同的发电控制方法的特点等。设计ABLSRG波能发电网络任务协调分配方法，提出基于ABLSRG单元的波能发电系统协调控制算法，详细分析不同协调算法的区别，针对不同算法开展发电系统在控制参数、负载以及速度等情况下的仿真和实验工作。最后，提出基于云的波能集群发电系统信息平台的构想，并开发设计远程监控平台模拟波能发电系统模拟云端监控，初步实现对发电系统重要信息数据的采集与存储。.以上研究工作目标是使整个波浪能发电网络在满足用电需求条件下实现最优，同时保证电能输出质量，从而为后续平稳无缝并网同步的快速应用奠定基础。