特高压输电塔连续性倒塌分析方法及灾变机理研究

Extra-high voltage transmission line is one of the most important lifeline projects and its security is extremely significant. This study aims to improve the progressive collapse analysis method of extra-high voltage transmission tower and research its disaster mechanism. First, failure criterion of member with consideration of influences of gusset plate, connect situation, stress mode of cross members and member type is proposed. The reliability of this proposed failure criterion is confirmed by conducting member test. Second, a progressive collapse analysis method is proposed according to the feature of extra-high voltage transmission tower and failure criterion of member. A progressive collapse simulation program with improved failure criterion and constitutive relationship of steel is coded using user subroutine VUMAT, and then implemented in the advanced finite element program ABAQUS. This proposed progressive collapse analysis method and coded subroutine are verified by the real-model experiment of the world’s most high-voltage project with the voltage of ±1100 kilovolt, which begins from Changji convertor station and ends at Guquan convertor station. Finally, disaster mechanism of extra-high voltage transmission tower under different cases including earthquake, wind, ice, breakage of line and installation are investigated by performing progressive collapse analysis. The load-bearing capability, collapse path, collapse mode and maximum displacement can be obtained, which can be a reference for the design. This study has a significant influence on improving the operating safety, enhancing the capability of resisting disaster and regulating relevant guidelines for extra-high voltage transmission line.

特高压输电线路是重要的生命线工程之一，确保其安全意义重大。为了改进特高压输电塔的连续性倒塌分析方法并研究其灾变机理，开展本项研究。首先开展构件破坏准则研究，提出能够全面考虑节点板影响、构件连接方式、交叉斜材受力方式和构件类型等因素的破坏准则，并通过构件试验验证其可靠性。然后根据特高压输电塔结构特点和构件破坏准则，提出特高压输电塔连续性倒塌分析方法。根据钢材本构关系和构件破坏准则编制ABAQUS软件连续性倒塌分析子程序，采用昌吉-古泉±1100千伏特高压输电塔真型试验数据，验证分析方法及编制子程序的可靠性。最后对特高压输电塔-线体系进行不同工况下（地震、大风、覆冰、断线和安装工况）的连续性倒塌分析，研究其极限承载能力、倒塌路径、倒塌模式和倒塌时的最大位移等特征，研究其灾变机理。本项目的完成对于提高特高压输电线路的安全性，增强其抗灾能力以及制定相关设计规程具有重要的工程实际意义。

特高压输电线路是重要的生命线工程之一，确保其安全意义重大。开展了构件破坏准则研究，提出了能够全面考虑节点板影响、构件连接方式、交叉斜材受力方式和构件类型等因素的破坏准则。然后根据特高压输电塔结构特点和构件破坏准则，提出特高压输电塔连续性倒塌分析方法。采用昌吉-古泉±1100千伏特高压输电塔真型试验数据，验证分析方法及编制子程序的可靠性。针对输电塔-线体系简化模型问题，基于结构动力学基本原理，提出了改进的一塔两线分析模型，明显提高计算精度。基于能力谱法，提出了一种适用于特高压输电塔-线体系的抗震分析方法。该方法结合有限元分析方法，考虑了输电塔输电线质量、长悬臂横担空间几何分布的影响，可以分别对特高压输电塔-线体系侧、纵两种方向进行抗震性能分析。分别对输电塔-线体系进行罕遇地震作用、罕遇地震-风耦合作用下的响应分析，研究风速、耦合作用时间及风向对结构动力响应的影响。研究结果表明，风荷载对输电塔-线体系罕遇地震作用下响应的影响不容忽视，其风荷载影响系数随风速的增大呈增大趋势。本项目的完成对于提高特高压输电线路的安全性，增强其抗灾能力以及制定相关设计规程具有重要的工程实际意义。