利用圆锥折射逆效应的多路光信号旋转传输技术的研究

Multi-channel optical signal rotary transmission techniques, which are widely used in the field of military, medical devices, oil, sea technology, detection and so on, have been the focus in the optical transmission system with a rotary platform. While the optimization of propagation path of off-axis optical signals in this transmission techniques is still not solved. This problem will directly affect the optical transmitting efficiency. As a result, the performances of these techniques, especially the insertion loss variation due to the rotation, are not best and have the space to enhance. So the mechanism of multi-channel optical signal rotary transmission needs to be further studied. The problem of off-axis signal propagation path optimization is solved using the inverse conical refraction effect. A new multi-channel optical signal rotary transmission technique is presented on the basis of the inverse conical refraction effect and WDM. A new biaxial crystal is explored to meet the requirement of multi-channel optical signal rotary transmission. The dispersion of biaxial crystal, cross-talk of multi-channel rotary optical signal, and fluctuation of optical phase are investigated, respectively. At the same time, the theoretical express of dispersion due to different wavelength, the method of dispersion compensation and reduction of cross-talk are also studied, respectively. A six channel optical rotary joint is designed to verify the feasibility of this new optical signal rotary transmission technique. Both the application of conical refraction effect of biaxial crystal and the diversification of optical transmission techniques will be expanded through our studies. Therefore, the investigation of the optical signal rotary transmission techniques has important value of theory and practical significance for developing of crystal optics and optical fiber transmission technology.

在具有旋转平台的通信系统中，多通道光信号旋转传输技术已成研究的热点，但是旁轴光信号传输轨迹的优化问题尚未解决，该问题直接影响光信号的传输的效率，也是该技术的研究难点。当前多通道光信号旋转传输技术已经应用在军事、医疗、石油采集和监测等领域中，但是该技术的性能参数，如损耗的旋转变化量，距离理想值还存在一定的差距，需要进一步研究其制约机理。本课题利用圆锥折射的逆效应解决旁轴光信号传输轨迹的优化问题，并结合WDM技术实现一种新的多通道光信号旋转传输；探索一种新的双轴晶体，分析晶体内光信号的色散、串扰问题及信号相位波动, 给出双轴晶体中色散理论表达式、色散补偿方法和串扰减少的方法；以六通道光纤旋转连接器为例验证提出多通道光信号旋转传输技术的可行性。通过本课题的研究可以扩大双轴晶体圆锥折射效应的应用领域和推动光传输技术的多样化，对于晶体光学和光纤传输技术的发展具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。

多路旁轴旋转信号传输理论是旋转连接器中信号耦合的关键问题。在已经提出的多路旋转光信号传输理论中，基于光学晶体圆锥折射逆效应的旁轴信号传输方法是解决该问题的优化方法。针对该旁轴信号传输方法中存在的关键问题，课题组进行了深入地研究。首先研究了光学晶体的锥形折射效应，研究了锥形折射光在空间传输的特点；完成了入射光束、入射光与双轴晶体所成夹角、晶体入射面不与光轴垂直和晶体外观形态等因素对锥形折射的影响；提出了两种不同实现锥形折射逆效应的方法，并实验验证；提出了利用FFT方法计算不同形态光束锥形折射的方法，为理论分析光束对晶体锥形折射的作用奠定基础。为了更好地实现旋转连接器中信号的耦合，提出一种基于反射型器件的旁路光信号传输方法和实现大数据量信号传输的耦合双环阵列编解码。