制冷混合工质热物性推算法则的机理与实验研究

The Montreal Protocol establishes schedules for phasing out the manufacture of chlorine-containing refrigerants, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which have been implicated in stratospheric ozone depletion. New pure and mixtures alternative refrigerants are promoting continually. It is necessary to know their thermophysical properties first before used, but the amount of this work is too huge to complete if only measurement method is being used. Therefore, in this program the corresponding state principle is expanded to find a method, which can be used to estimate thermophysical properties of working fluids from parameters of several special points. First, a PVT properties measurement system with high accuracy was established，the overall temperature uncertainty is less than ±5mK, the overall pressure uncertainty is less than ±0.05%. The vapor pressure, gaseous PVT properties, saturated liquid and gas densities, critical parameters of HFC-227ea were measured, the enthalpy and entropy of saturated HFC-227ea were estimated, development of generalized corresponding state vapor pressure equation and saturated liquid density equation, provided the most complete properties for this working fluid in the international. In theoretical aspect, the criterion of generalization corresponding state equation was proposed; the generalization corresponding vapor pressure, densities, enthalpy, vaporization of enthalpy, and entropy equations of saturated liquid and gas were developed; a new generalized four-parameter corresponding-states method for predicting volumetric behavior of working fluids was developed. On the basis of the experimental data analysis, the modified Raoult's law and corresponding principle, the new correlations were developed to estimate saturated vapor pressures of eight HFCs binary refrigerant mixtures. The achievements of this program not only provide theoretical basis for refrigerant alternatives research, but also extend the corresponding state principle and enrich the contents of thermophysical properties.

通过研究热力学参数的变换法则，测定混合液与理想混合液的偏离度和气液平衡态的热物性及其PVT参数，建立拉乌尔定律的修正模型；据文献和自己测定的实验数据，建立混合物热Σ问幕旌戏ㄔ颍挥纱抗ぶ实暮ツ坊糇确匠蹋⒒旌衔锏暮ツ坊糇确匠蹋黾扑慊旌衔锔魅攘Σ问娜砑２唤鑫罢倚麓美涿降於ɑ。匾氖墙岣蝗任镄匝芯康睦砺邸