黄土丘陵区“人口-土地-生态”要素的城乡流动机制及其调控策略研究：以兰州都市圈为例

The rational flow and optimal allocation of urban and rural elements is the key to realize urban and rural integration and rural revitalization. From the "new mobility paradigm" and the theory of flow space, using the multi-source data of time and space, on the basis of analyzing and visualizing the elements flow characteristics and pattern of urban and rural areas in loess hilly-gully region, the proposal tries to clarify the relationship between elements flow and space changes in urban and rural areas, explore the influencing factors and mechanism of flowing elements between urban and rural areas, and then putting forward the corresponding control and optimization strategy. Firstly, the spatial analysis framework of urban and rural mobility of "population-land-ecology" need to be built. Secondly, from the scale, flow velocity, flow rate, the network connection, the project would build a complex "mobility" index and analyze the flowing characteristics of three main factors and the interactive coupling relationship, at the same time, carry on the visualization analysis. Thirdly, from the aspects of interaction strength, interactive symmetry and network structure, the project analyzes the possible influence of three factors on the territory organizational pattern and spatial outcomes of different scales. Fourthly, by the means of geographical detector and other methods, the project analyzes the influencing factors and explores the mechanism of urban and rural mobility of three major factors. Fifthly, the urban and rural spatial optimization and regulation strategies of loess hilly region are proposed from the aspects of liquidity enhancement, urban and rural integration development and spatial regulation.

城乡要素的合理流动和优化配置是实现城乡融合与乡村振兴的关键。课题从城乡系统的视角出发，基于“新流动范式”及流空间理论，利用多源时空数据，在分析并可视化黄土丘陵区“人口-土地-生态”要素城乡流动特征与格局的基础上，厘清要素流动与地域空间变化的关系，探索要素城乡流动的影响因素及机制，进而提出相应的调控及优化策略。第一，构建三大要素城乡流动的空间分析框架。第二，从要素规模、流动速度、流动频率、网络联系等方面构建城乡"流动性"综合指数，分析三大要素的流动特征及互动耦合关系，并对其进行可视化分析。第三，从互动强度、互动对称性及网络结构等方面分析三大要素流动对不同尺度城乡地域组织模式及空间格局带来的影响。第四，利用地理探测器等方法，从自然环境、社会经济、政策调控等方面分析不同尺度三大要素城乡流动的影响因素及机制。第五，从流动性提升、城乡融合发展、空间管制等方面提出黄土丘陵区城乡空间优化及调控策略。

项目旨在探索黄土丘陵区“人口-土地-生态”要素城乡流动机制，并据此提出促进区域城乡融合发展的空间优化策略。1）“人口-土地-生态”要素城乡流动性测度与评价：构建了包括要素规模、流动速度、流动频率、网络联系的城乡“流动性”综合指数，测度和评价了兰州都市圈三大要素的城乡流动特征，探索了要素之间的互动耦合关系与作用机制。2）“人口-土地-生态”要素城乡流动的空间效应分析：分析了不同尺度城乡地域流动空间结构，评价了要素的城乡流动对城乡关系带来的影响，探讨了要素流动影响下不同的城乡地域组织模式和城乡空间的异质性、依赖性。3）“人口-土地-生态”要素城乡流动机制研究：构建了包括自然环境、社会经济及政策调控的城乡要素流动的潜在影响因子集，识别了不同尺度要素城乡流动的主要影响因素，探索了要素的城乡流动对城乡地域空间重构的作用机制。4）城乡协调与融合发展调控策略研究：提出了面向功能完善、结构优化、空间融合和生产、生活、生态空间统筹协调发展的土地资源优化配置、公共设施服务功能提升和城乡服务网络健全的差别化策略。