新疆葡萄产区非酿酒酵母菌多样性及呈香效应研究

The non-Saccharomyces yeast species have important influence on the formation of wine flavor. Various grape production regions in Xinjiang and their wine have distinct regional characteristics. However, the non-Saccharomyces yeast species and flora distribution pattern in different regions, and other issues remain to be clarified. This project is going to isolate the non-Saccharomyces yeast of different varieties of grapes, soil vineyard and yeast fermentation mash in various grape production regions in Xinjiang. Based on the results of traditional separation and identification, the diversity of grape wine yeast and differences of different region community distribution is going to be evaluated according to the yeast ITS sequence by pyrophosphate sequencing. Dynamic change of typical non-Saccharomyces is going to be used as indicator by FISH-FCM and RT-PCR technique. This project is also going to analyze the aroma composition change by gas phase chromatographic detection-smell-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS), and analyze the correlation between main aroma components and non-Saccharomyces yeast. This project will reveal the correlation among development groups, functional category of yeast and wine quality, which will also provide a scientific basis for scientific evaluation of production process and the yeast strains resources.

非酿酒酵母菌对葡萄酒风味的形成有重要影响，新疆葡萄产区及葡萄酒具有鲜明的区域特色，然而，对不同产区非酿酒酵母菌种类、菌群分布格局等问题尚待明晰。本项目从新疆葡萄产区广泛栽培的不同品种葡萄、葡萄园土壤及发酵醪液中分离筛选非酿酒酵母菌，在传统分离鉴定的基础上，针对酵母菌ITS序列设计，通过焦磷酸测序，评估酿酒葡萄不同产区非酿酒酵母菌多样性及群落分布差异。采用 FISH-FCM、RT-PCR技术以典型非酿酒酵母菌动态变化为指标，通过气相-嗅闻-质谱联用色谱联用技术 (GC-O-MS)分析比较不同非酿酒酵母菌发酵的香气成分变化，分析主要香气成分与典型非酿酒酵母菌的相关性。揭示酵母发育类群、功能类群变化与葡萄酒品质的相关性，为科学评价葡萄酒的生产工艺、酵母菌菌种质资源提供科学依据。

非酿酒酵母菌对葡萄酒风味的形成有重要的影响，新疆葡萄产区及葡萄酒具有鲜明的区域特色，然而，对不同产区非酿酒酵母菌种类、菌群分布格局等问题尚待明晰。本项目从新疆葡萄产区广泛栽培的不同品种葡萄、葡萄园土壤及发酵醪液中分离筛选非酿酒酵母菌，在传统分离鉴定的基础上，针对酵母菌ITS序列设计，通过焦磷酸测序，评估酿酒葡萄不同产区非酿酒酵母菌多样性及群落分布差异。采用FISH-FCM、RT-PCR技术以典型非酿酒酵母菌动态变化为指标，通过气相-嗅闻-质谱联用色谱联用技术（GC-O-MS）分析比较不同非酿酒酵母菌发酵的香气成分变化，分析主要香气成分与典型非酿酒酵母菌的相关性。揭示酵母发育类群、功能类群变化与葡萄酒品质的相关性，为科学评价葡萄酒的生产工艺、酵母菌菌种质资源提供科学依据。