碳排放规制下供应链成员企业行为及网络均衡协调研究

Low carbon development for supply chain is an important way to seek the development mode of low carbon economy. In this context, firms should optimize low carbon behavior of every node firm and the whole supply chain from the view of supply chain, to solve carbon emission problem through cooperation of firms in the supply chain, and to implement low carbon supply chain management. Currently, the theoretical research and legislative practice on low carbon economy are still in their initial stages in China. In this project, we plan to study the behavioral response of member firms in the supply chain network to carbon emission regulation, and to study the competition and interactive behaviors among these member firms in the supply chain network under carbon emission regulation, aiming at providing decision-making basis for relevant departments of government to design carbon emissions trading system, carbon tax, and supervision mechanism, and guiding member firms in the supply chain network to attach importance to carbon emission reduction and to join the ranks of low carbon and implement production mode of low carbon economy. On this basis, in addition to profit maximization, carbon emission minimization is considered as another decision criterion. Multi-criteria decision-making equilibrium models are developed to analyze the behavior decision-making of firms under low carbon constraint. In order to realize the low carbon supply chain network equilibrium, we introduce contracts into the low carbon supply chain network equilibrium model to coordinate low carbon supply chain network, aiming at providing some guidelines for coordinate operation of supply chain network in the era of low carbon.

寻求低碳经济的发展模式，实现供应链的低碳化发展是一个重要途径。这种背景下，企业更应该从供应链角度出发，优化各节点企业及整个供应链的低碳行为，通过链上企业相互合作来解决碳排放问题，实施低碳化供应链管理。目前，我国关于低碳经济的理论探索与立法实践都处于开始阶段。本项目拟研究碳排放规制下供应链网络成员企业的行为反应，研究碳排放规制下供应链网络成员企业间的竞争关系及交互行为，为政府相关部门制定碳排放权交易体系、碳排放税、监督机制提供决策依据，同时，试图引导供应链网络成员企业重视碳减排，积极加入低碳行列，实施低碳经济的生产模式。在此基础上，将碳排放最小化作为供应链网络成员企业除利润最大化之外的另一个决策准则，构建多准则供应链网络均衡模型分析低碳约束下企业的行为决策。进而为使低碳供应链网络实现均衡，在低碳供应链网络均衡模型中引入契约，以协调低碳供应链网络，为低碳时代的供应链网络协调运作提供指导性建议。

低碳经济背景下，企业应从供应链角度出发，优化各节点企业及整个供应链的低碳行为，通过链上企业相互合作来解决碳排放问题，实施低碳化供应链管理。本项目主要研究工作包括：（1）分别从供应链成员企业服从、不服从规定的情况下，对成员企业间的竞争关系和交互行为进行均衡分析，研究碳排放权交易制度对供应链网络成员企业行为的影响；（2）针对三种碳税决策框架：分权碳税框架、集权碳税框架-固定阀值、集权碳税科技-弹性阀值，分别构建供应链网络内生碳排放税经济模型，研究碳排放税制度下供应链网络成员企业间的博弈关系；（3）考虑消费者低碳意识和政府监督机制对成员企业决策的影响，在有限理性空间构建演化博弈模型，分析系统的演化稳定策略及相关责任主体决策的演化路径；（4）构建多准则供应链网络均衡模型，分析低碳约束下企业的行为决策，并对此进行了扩展性研究，将其引入供应链网络优化设计问题中，构建竞争环境下多准则网络优化模型，并设计优化算法；（5）考虑消费者的低碳偏好，设计低碳供应链上下游联合减排的协调机制，为低碳时代的供应链网络协调运作提供指导性建议。本项目既具有理论价值又具有现实意义，第一，从企业层面，可引导供应链网络成员企业重视碳减排，实施低碳经济的生产模式，提高低碳经济下企业竞争力；第二，从政府层面，可为政府相关部门制定碳排放权交易体系、碳排放税、监督与协调机制提供决策依据；第三，从社会层面，对减少经济活动的环境影响，实现人类社会经济的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。