稀磁铜铁合金低温热电动势（Peltier emf）应用基础研究

With the viewpoint of Micro and Nanocryogenics, the theoretical analysis of calculating thermo-emf considered with magnetic impurity's interaction is established, which is based on experiments of dilute magnetic copper-iron thermocouple calibration from 4 K to 273 K at low temperature and at high magnetic field. This item is preparing to study the influence of 0-15T high magnetic field to the measurement properties of thermocouple and manufacture new materials of dilute magnetic copper-iron thermoelctrode. Using statistical theory and the "double-medium method" with the dynamic signal measurement of thermoelectrode inhomogeneous thermo-emf on stochastic process, puts forward the theory and method for controlling the quality of new thermoelectrode material. The pioneering application of selection and finalize theoretical basis of dilute magnetic copper-iron thermocouple is synthetically presented, while the low temperature thermocouple calibration table from 4 K to 273 K could be proved and formulated. Finally, it will realize the copper-iron thermocouple instead of precious metals of gold-iron thermocouple. It is very imperative and important for the development of cryogenic, applied superconductivity, space technology, national defense construction and big science projects. In general, this item has great scientific value and cheerful economic prospect.

用微结构低温工程学观点，基于稀磁铜铁热偶4 K-273 K低温分度与强磁场影响实验基础，建立考虑磁性杂质之间相互作用影响计算热电势的理论分析。进行0-15T强磁场对热电偶测量特性影响实验研究。制备稀磁铜铁合金热电极新材料。应用统计理论和"双介质法"热电极不均匀性热电势随机过程信号动态测量，提出新热电极材料质量控制理论与方法。综合提出稀磁铜铁热偶开拓应用选型、定型的理论基础和科学依据。提供、制定4 K-273 K的低温热电偶分度表实验数据。实现以廉金属稀磁铜铁低温热偶代替贵金属稀磁金铁低温热偶。对促进低温学科、超导应用、空间技术、国防建设和大科学工程等发展有重要作用与迫切性。具有重要科学价值和经济发展前景与效益。

本课题在国家自然科学基金委资助与指导下，四年来遵照申请书的研究目标，研究内容与研究计划，认真努力，坚持克服各种困难，全面完成了课题任务，达到了研究预期目标。. 其中特别对稀磁铜铁合金低温热电势理论基础研究取得了突破性进展。建立了低温稀磁铜铁热电偶应用的理论基础。《物理学报》Acta Physics Science. Vol.64, No. 15 (2015) 发表，SCI收录。. 课题以突破理论基础研究为核心，结合建立基于数理统计的稀磁铜铁低温热电极动态特性质量控制方法、低温铜铁热偶宽温区分度特性实验研究等全面深入研究，为根本上推动廉金属稀磁铜铁低温热电偶开拓应用发展作出了系统的重要贡献。.通过学科交叉，系统深入和理论结合实际的研究，首次综合提出：Ni-Cr/Cu + 0.13% Fe（at）和Ni-Cr/Cu + 0.15% Fe（at）两种含铁量低温稀磁铜铁热电偶为我国定型产品及分度技术参数数据。. 可由国家自然科学基金委建议国家技术监督局，近期内在国内外首次颁布我国低温稀磁铜铁合金热电偶定型产品与4-273 K 低温分度技术数据，开拓国家自然科学基金研究成果的推广应用，适应国防尖端、空间技术、超导应用及低温技术发展应用的需要。