大豆和绿豆对R1期冷害的应激差异及烯效唑缓解胁迫的碳代谢机制

Chilling stress is one of the most important factors restricting the geographical distribution of plants and crop productivity. the Northeast China Plain is the most important soybean and mung bean base in China, even under the background of global warming, chilling injury is still the main abiotic stress of its crop production. This proposal is based on many years studying on soybean and mung bean yield，quality， developmental, phenotypic，physiology and molecular biological under waterflooding，drought and other abiotic stresses, especially 2-year pilot test. A method of combining natural and artificial climate chambers will be used to study R1 Stage chilling stress on soybean and mung bean by means of pot experiment. For soybean and mung bean, to study the effects of chilling stress on their yield, quality, growth and phenotype，to explore the restriction of chilling stress on their photosynthesis-oriented carbon metabolism and to analyze the mechanism of chilling stress restricting carbon metabolism, then study the mechanism of S3307 alleviating chilling injury stress and carbon metabolism, at last integrated model for difference of R1 stage chilling stress effect on soybean and mung bean and its mechanism of carbon metabolism, how S330 confers chilling stress tolerance , and its carbon metabolic mechanism are constructed. So as to enrich the theoretical research and technical system of chilling stress and plant growth regulators, and for soybean and mung bean production scientifically coping with chilling stress, to realize soybean and mung bean high quality and efficient production in Northeast China Plain.

在制约植物地理分布和作物生产力的诸多因素中，冷害是最重要的一项。东北平原是我国最重要的大豆和绿豆产区，即使在全球变暖的背景下，冷害仍是东北平原作物生产的主要非生物胁迫。本申报是建立在课题组多年研究大豆和绿豆应激淹水、干旱等非生物逆境的发育学、表型学和分子生物学响应及2年直接预试验的基础上，采用自然与人工模拟环境相结合的手段，通过盆栽试验的方法，研究R1期冷害胁迫对不同地理纬度起源的大豆和绿豆生育、表型及产量品质的限制差异，探究R1期冷害对以光合作用为主的碳代谢制约差异，并剖析冷害制约碳代谢的机制，继而研究S3307缓解冷害胁迫的效应及碳代谢机制，最后构建大豆、绿豆应激R1期冷害的差异及碳代谢机制和S3307缓解大豆、绿豆R1期冷害效应及碳代谢机制综合模式。以便丰富冷害和调节剂缓解冷害领域的理论研究及技术体系，为东北平原大豆和绿豆生产科学应对冷害，实现优质高效生产奠定基础。

夏季冷害是黑龙江省主要灾害性天气之一，对豆类作物产量有严重影响。烯效唑（S3307）在非生物逆境下施用可以提高作物的抗逆性，增加作物的产量。.本文采用盆栽试验，以大豆和绿豆为研究对象，研究不同豆科作物对初花期（R1）低温的响应，并探究叶喷S3307对大豆和绿豆R1期低温胁迫的缓解机制。结果表明：1.低温导致大豆和绿豆生理生化进程延缓甚至停滞，引起叶片细胞叶绿体明显膨胀，内膜系统解体；线粒体和淀粉粒均发生聚集现象，叶喷S3307具有显著的缓解效应。2. DEGs GO分析结果显示大豆主要富集在对过氧化氢的响应等防御功能上，KEGG分析结果显示主要富集在MAPK信号通路-植物等防御代谢通路上；绿豆显示主要富集在叶绿体等功能上，KEGG分析结果显示主要富集在光合作用等代谢通路上。3.在DS_vs_CK和DS_vs_D中共有DEGs与共有差异代谢物所富集的通路均包括代谢途径和次生代谢物的生物合成。在大豆以及绿豆互作网络中，分别有51个和60个参与抵抗低温胁迫的共有DEGs、转录因子及差异代谢物显著正相关。4.大豆对低温胁迫的抗性好于绿豆；叶喷S3307具有有效缓解豆科低温损伤的效应。. 项目执行期间，发表了高水平学术论文18篇，其中SCI收录7篇、单篇最高影响因子7+，在《中国农业科学》、《作物学报》、《植物生理学报》、《草业学报》、《核农学报》等国内顶级期刊上均有论文发表。培养了博士研究生2名，硕士研究生3名。