狄斯瓦螨对亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯抗性形成机制研究

Deltamethrin is currently the most toxic nerve agent of pyrethroid insecticides, the long-term usage, leading to drug residues and drug resistance and other drawbacks, posing serious threats to the healthy development of the beekeeping and pollination industry. Up to date, a few factors related to the resistance of Varroa destructor insecticide have been studied, however the mechanism of the resistance of Varroa destructor insecticide is still at infancy. In the present study we used F1 to F7 generation of adult females Varroa destructor to elucidate the mechanism of resistance of 7 generations of Varroa destructor on sublethal doses of deltamethrin using multi-omics analysis technology, and biochemical methods. The resistant gene expression and metabolism of detoxifying enzymes (multi-function oxidase (MFO), GSH-S-transferase (GSTs), carboxylesterase (CarE)) expression will be studied, exploring the resistant mechanisms of Varroa destructor to deltamethrin acaricide. These results will provide scientific basis for the resistance management and effective prevention and control of Varroa mite.

溴氰菊酯是目前除虫菊酯类杀虫剂中毒力最高的一种神经毒剂，但长期的依赖性使用，导致药物残留和抗药性等弊端日益突出，严重威胁着养蜂业和授粉产业的健康发展。目前，国内外仅对与狄斯瓦螨杀虫剂抗性相关的单个或少数几个因素进行了研究，但对于狄斯瓦螨抗性产生过程及形成机制研究未见文献报道。本项目以7个世代成年雌性狄斯瓦螨为研究对象，采用转录组、代谢组技术及生化手段开展狄斯瓦螨7个世代对亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯抗性研究，系统研究亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯对不同世代狄斯瓦螨体内3种解毒酶（多功能氧化酶（MFO）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GSTs）、羧酸酯酶（CarE））表达量及抗性基因表达与代谢的影响，旨在阐明狄斯瓦螨对溴氰菊酯类杀螨剂产生抗性的相关机制。研究结果将为有效防控狄斯瓦螨提供科学依据。

为探讨狄斯瓦螨对亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯抗性的形成机制，本课题通过人工接螨的方法，首先探明了不同剂量溴氰菊酯对狄斯瓦螨致死率的影响；然后，利用蛋白质组学和代谢组学方法分析了亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯处理不同时间后狄斯瓦螨蛋白质组和代谢组的变化情况；最后，分析了拟除虫菊酯类靶标位点电压门控钠离子通道（VGSC）的突变，并测定了狄斯瓦螨3种解毒酶的变化对溴氰菊酯抗性的影响。结果明确了溴氰菊酯对狄斯瓦螨的亚致死剂量；通过差异蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析，筛选出了与抗性形成密切相关的蛋白和代谢物，并解析了参与狄斯瓦螨对亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯抗性形成的主要代谢通路，确定了解毒酶对狄斯瓦螨抗性形成的影响及抗性靶标位点的突变。研究结果将为有效防控狄斯瓦螨提供科学依据。