基于拉格朗日法的深低温高频脉冲管制冷机非理想微热力学循环分析

With the development of science technology, the ultra-low temperature cryocooler technology has become a bottleneck problem of restricting the development of many research fields such as SIS/HEB superconducting detectors,far-infrared detector and quantum communication. For the need of current space, high-tech strategy and other areas with ultra-low temperature high frequency pulse tube cryocooler, non-ideal thermodynamic cycle of the cryocooler will be investigated to improve our designed ability of ultra-low temperature high frequency pulse tube. Lagrangian method will be used to establish a non-ideal micro-thermodynamic cycle model of high frequency pulse tube working at ultra-low temperature. Through the research on the characteristics of heat transfer, resistance and phase in the regenerator working at ultra-low temperature, the model will be optimized and verified. Successful development of the model will revealed profoundly the thermodynamic cycle process of gas elements working at ultra-low temperature and improve the design capability level of ultra-low temperature high frequency pulse tube, which provide a technical basis to carry out deep space exploration, the THz communications and space science experiments.

随着科学技术的不断发展，深低温制冷机已经成为红外探测、超导、太赫兹通信、量子通讯等科技前沿领域的瓶颈技术。针对目前空间、战略高技术等领域对深低温温区高频脉冲管制冷机的迫切需求，本项目以深低温高频脉冲管制冷机非理想条件下的微热力学循环过程为研究对象，以提高我国深低温脉冲管制冷机的设计能力为目标进行研究。利用拉格朗日法建立基于深低温非理想条件下的脉冲管制冷机微热力学模型，通过对深低温非理想条件下回热器内的换热特性、阻力特性和相位特性进行研究，使微热力学模型得到优化、验证和完善。该模型将深刻揭示工质微元的热力循环过程，提升我国深低温脉冲管制冷机的设计能力，为我国未来开展深空探测、THz通信和空间科学实验等方面的研究奠定技术基础。

随着科学技术的不断发展，深低温制冷机已经成为红外探测、超导、太赫兹通信、量子通讯等科技前沿领域的瓶颈技术。针对目前空间、军事等领域对深低温温区高频脉冲管制冷机的迫切需求，本课题完成了对深低温工质气体以及回热材料的基本物性参数的调研和数据整理，搭建了深低温高频脉冲管制冷机交变流动试验测试系统，并对深低温回热器的相关特性进行了相关测试，通过对深低温制冷机非理想微热力学循环过程进行深入分析，建立了微热力学循环模型，并使用matlab进行编程和数值模拟，实现了利用拉格朗日法对于深低温脉冲管制冷机的模拟计算，利用该程序，对深低温制冷机进行设计优化，提高了制冷效率，经过优化的制冷机支撑了载人空间站工程空间应用系统多功能光学设施高灵敏度太赫兹探测模块制冷机组件和空间低温辐射计所需制冷机的研制，为我国未来的空间天文观测和气象卫星的发展奠定了技术基础。